1月 11, 2025

妙法蓮華經卷第一 (中英文全文翻譯及白話文)

 
Scripture of Lotus Magnificence of Marvelous Law
妙法蓮華經

Volume 1 of Scripture of Lotus Magnificence of Marvelous Law
妙法蓮華經卷第一

The translator: Master Kumarajiva, Buddhist monk, A.D. 344-413, born in Kutsi ﹝Kuci(na), Kucha or Kuche (B.C. 272-A.D. 14th century)﹞, which currently is located in Xinjiang of China in 21 century A.D. At that time, the era of state power was the post-Qin period, 384-417 A.D. Master Kumarajiva accepted the emperor's order to translate this Buddhist scripture from Sanskrit into Chinese. 
The modern translator: Tao Qing Hsu, Buddhist-at-home, not Buddhist nun, born and living in Taiwan. She has translated this Buddhist scripture from Chinese into English since the year of 2024 AD.
Notes and explanations are by Tao Qing Hsu
Notes and explanations on related words, placed after the article.
中文翻譯 (從梵文翻譯成中文):後秦龜茲國三藏法師鳩摩羅什奉詔譯
 (西元384至417年)
英文翻譯 (從中文翻譯成英文):許道清 (Hsu, Tao Qing; Tao Qing Hsu)
白話文及註解: 許道清  (Hsu, Tao Qing; Tao Qing Hsu)


The First of the Preface to the Scripture of Lotus Magnificence of Marvelous Law
妙法蓮華經序品第一


如是我聞。一時、佛住王舍城、耆闍崛山中,與大比丘眾萬二千人俱。皆是阿羅漢,諸漏已盡,無復煩惱,逮得己利,盡諸有結,心得自在。其名曰:阿若憍陳如、摩訶迦葉、優樓頻螺迦葉、伽耶迦葉、那提迦葉、舍利弗、大目犍連、摩訶迦旃延、阿冕樓馱、劫賓那、憍梵波提、離婆多、畢陵伽婆蹉、薄拘羅、摩訶拘絺羅、難陀、孫陀羅難陀、富樓那彌多羅尼子、須菩提、阿難、羅侯羅,如是眾所知識、大阿羅漢等。
This was what I heard. For a period of time, the Buddha lived in Rajagha and in the mountains of Gṛdhrakūṭa, with a group of twelve thousand great harmony-revered who were all Arhats, all their Leaks had been terminated, there were no more afflictions, they had achieved their own benefits and terminated all knots, and their mind had been obtained at ease. The names of these great harmony-revered ( upādhyāya)were: Ajñāta Kauṇḍinya, Mahākāśyapa, Uruvilvā-kāśyapa, Gayā-kāśyapa, Nadī-kāśyapa, Śāriputra, Maudgalyayana, Mahakātyāyana, Aniruddha, Kapphina, Gavājpati, Revata, Pilinda-vatsa, Vakkula, Mahākausthila, Nanda, Sundharananda, Purna Maitrayani-putra, Subhūti, Ānanda, Rāhula, like this all the knowledgeable people known by the public, great Arhats, etc.
我是這樣聽到的。有一段時間,佛居住在王舍城、耆闍崛的山中,與大和尚群眾一萬二千人在一起。他們這些大和尚都是阿羅漢,所有的漏(煩惱)都已經終止(結束),不再有煩惱,到達得到自己的利益,終止(結束)所有的有結(煩惱與困惑),心得到自在。這些大和尚的名子為:阿若憍陳如、摩訶迦葉、優樓頻螺迦葉、伽耶迦葉、那提迦葉、舍利弗、大目犍連、摩訶迦旃延、阿冕樓馱、劫賓那、憍梵波提、離婆多、畢陵伽婆蹉、薄拘羅、摩訶拘絺羅、難陀、孫陀羅難陀、富樓那彌多羅尼子、須菩提、阿難、羅侯羅,像這樣的大家都知道的有知識的人、大阿羅漢等等。


復有學、無學二千人。摩訶波闍波提比丘尼,與眷屬六千人俱。羅侯羅母耶輸陀羅比丘尼,亦與眷屬俱。菩薩摩訶薩八萬人,皆於阿耨多羅三藐三菩提不退轉,皆得陀羅尼。樂說辯才,轉不退轉法輪。供養無量百千諸佛,於諸佛所、植眾德本,常為諸佛之所稱歎。以慈修身,善入佛慧。通達大智,到於彼岸。名稱普聞無量世界,能度無數百千眾生。其名曰:文殊師利菩薩、觀世音菩薩、得大勢菩薩、常精進菩薩、不休息菩薩、寶掌菩薩、藥王菩薩、勇施菩薩、寶月菩薩、月光菩薩、滿月菩薩、大力菩薩、無量力菩薩、越三界菩薩、跋陀婆羅菩薩、彌勒菩薩、寶積菩薩、導師菩薩,如是等菩薩摩訶薩八萬人俱。
There are also 2,000 people who are learned or unlearned. Bhikkhuni Mahāprajāpatī was with 6,000 family members and friends together. Rāhula 's mother, Bhikkhuni Yaśodharā, was also with the family members and friends. There were eighty thousand Pusamahasattvas, all of them didn’t retreat from Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi, and all had obtained Dharani. They delighted in speaking and had the ability to debate, turning the not-retreated law-wheel. They supported countless hundreds of thousands of Buddhas, planted the merit-virtue roots for all sentient beings in the places of all Buddhas, and were often praised and admired by all Buddhas. They cultivated their body with compassion, and were good at attaining the Buddha-wisdom. They had clearly understood and attained great wisdom and reached the other shore. The name was Universally Heard by the Boundless World and Capable to Save Countless Hundreds of Thousands of Sentient beings. Their names are: Pusa Manjushri , Pusa World-Sound-Perceiving, Pusa Great-Strength-Obtaining, Pusa Constantly-Diligent, Pusa Not-Rest, Pusa Precious-Palm, Pusa Medicine-King, Pusa Bravely-giving, Pusa Treasure-Moon, Pusa Moonlight, Pusa Full-Moon, Pusa Great-Strength, Pusa Infinite-Power, Pusa Beyond-The-Three-Realms, Pusa Bhadabhara, Pusa Maitreya, Pusa Precious-Accumulation, Pusa Guiding-Teacher, like this and so on, there are altogether 80,000 Pusamahasattvas together.
又有有學、無學二千人。摩訶波闍波提比丘尼和家人朋友六千人在一起。羅侯羅的母親耶輸陀羅比丘尼,也和家人朋友在一起。菩薩摩訶薩八萬人,都對於阿耨多羅三藐三菩提不退轉,都得到陀羅尼。喜悅於說法並具有辯論的才能,轉不退轉的法輪。供養無量百千諸佛,在所有佛的處所,為眾生種下功德的根本,經常被所有的佛所稱許和讚歎。以慈悲修養身體,善長於進入佛的智慧。通達大智慧,到達解脫煩惱的彼岸。名稱為「普遍聽聞無量世界」,能夠救度無數百千眾生。它們的名號為:文殊師利菩薩、觀世音菩薩、得大勢菩薩、常精進菩薩、不休息菩薩、寶掌菩薩、藥王菩薩、勇施菩薩、寶月菩薩、月光菩薩、滿月菩薩、大力菩薩、無量力菩薩、越三界菩薩、跋陀婆羅菩薩、彌勒菩薩、寶積菩薩、導師菩薩,像這樣等等菩薩摩訶薩共有八萬人在一起。


爾時釋提桓因,與其眷屬二萬天子俱。復有名月天子、普香天子、寶光天子、四大天王,與其眷屬萬天子俱。自在天子、大自在天子,與其眷屬三萬天子俱。娑婆世界主、梵天王、尸棄大梵、光明大梵等,與其眷屬萬二千天子俱。有八龍王、難陀龍王、跋難陀龍王、娑伽羅龍王、和修吉龍王、德叉迦龍王、阿那婆達多龍王、摩那斯龍王、優缽羅龍王等,各與若干百千眷屬俱。有四緊那羅王、法緊那羅王、妙法緊那羅王、大法緊那羅王、持法緊那羅王,各與若干百千眷屬俱。有四乾闥婆王、樂乾闥婆王、樂音乾闥婆王、美乾闥婆王、美音乾闥婆王,各與若干百千眷屬俱。有四阿修羅王、婆稚阿修羅王、佉羅騫馱阿修羅王、毗摩質多羅阿修羅王、羅侯阿修羅王,各與若干百千眷屬俱。有四迦樓羅王、大威德迦樓羅王、大身迦樓羅王、大滿迦樓羅王、如意迦樓羅王,各與若干百千眷屬俱。韋提希子阿闍世王,與若干百千眷屬俱。各禮佛足,退坐一面。
At this time, Śakro-devānām-indraḥ was with his family of 20,000 sons of heaven. There were also son-of-heaven Famous-Moon, son-of-heaven Universally-Aroma, son-of-heaven Treasure-Light, the four great heavenly kings and their family of ten thousand sons of heaven together. The son-of-heaven At-Ease, the son-of-heaven Greatly-at-Ease and their family of 30,000 sons of heaven were together. The Lord of the Saha world (Sahāloka), the King Brahma, the King Sikhin-Great-Brahma, and the King Light-Great-Brahma, etc., were with their families of twelve thousand heavenly sons together. There were eight great Dragon Kings, the Dragon-King Nanda, the Dragon King Upananda, the Dragon King Sāgara-nāgarāja, the Dragon King Vāsuki, the Dragon King takṣaka, the Dragon King Anavatapta, the Dragon King Manasvati, and the Dragon King Utpalaka, etc., and each of them with several hundred or thousand family members together. There were four Kings of kiṃnara, the Kimnara King Law, the Kimnara King Marvelous-Law, the Kimnara King Great-Law, and the Kimnara King Law-holding, each of them with several hundred or thousand family members together. There were four Gandharva kings, the Gandharva-King Music, the Gandharva King Music-Sound, the Gandharva King Beauty, and the Gandharva King Beautiful-Music, each of them with several hundred or thousand family members together. There were four Asura kings, the Asura-King Balinasura, the Asura King Kharakaṇṭha, the Asura King Vimalacitra, and the Asura King Rahu, each of them with several hundred or thousand family members together. There were four Garuda kings, the Garuda King Great-Mighty-Virtue, the Garuda King Great-Body, the Garuda King Great-Perfect, and the Garuda King As-It-Wish, each of them with several hundred or thousand family members together. The King Ajātasattu, the son of Vaidehī, was with his several hundred or thousand family members together. Each of them bowed their body to the Buddha's feet, moved back and sat on one side after finishing it.
這時候釋提桓因和他的家人二萬天子在一起。又有名月天子、普香天子、寶光天子、四大天王和他們的家人一萬天子在一起。自在天子、大自在天子和他們的家人三萬天子在一起。娑婆世界主、梵天王、尸棄大梵、光明大梵等等和他們的家人一萬二千天子在一起。有八大龍王、難陀龍王、跋難陀龍王、娑伽羅龍王、和修吉龍王、德叉迦龍王、阿那婆達多龍王、摩那斯龍王、優缽羅龍王等,各個和他們一些數百或數千家人在一起。有四緊那羅王、法緊那羅王、妙法緊那羅王、大法緊那羅王、持法緊那羅王,各個和他們一些數百或數千家人在一起。有四乾闥婆王、樂乾闥婆王、樂音乾闥婆王、美乾闥婆王、美音乾闥婆王,各個和他們一些數百或數千家人在一起。有四阿修羅王、婆稚阿修羅王、佉羅騫馱阿修羅王、毗摩質多羅阿修羅王、羅侯阿修羅王,各個和他們一些數百或數千家人在一起。有四迦樓羅王、大威德迦樓羅王、大身迦樓羅王、大滿迦樓羅王、如意迦樓羅王,各個和他們一些數百或數千家人在一起。韋提希子阿闍世王和他一些數百千家人在一起。各個禮敬佛的腳,禮敬完畢後向後移動坐在一邊。


爾時世尊,四眾圍繞,供養、恭敬、尊重、讚歎。為諸菩薩說大乘經,名無量義,教菩薩法,佛所護念。佛說此經已,結跏趺坐,入於無量義處三昧,身心不動。是時天雨曼陀羅華,摩訶曼陀羅華,曼殊沙華,摩訶曼殊沙華,而散佛上、及諸大眾。普佛世界,六種震動。
At that time, the World Venerable One was surrounded by four groups who made offerings, revered, respected, and praised. The World Venerable One spoke the great-boarding scriptures for all Pusas, which was called Infinite Meaning, Teaching Pusa's Law, and Protected and Brought to Mind by Buddha. After the Buddha had finished speaking this scripture, he sat cross-legged and entered the samadhi of the Immeasurable Meaning Place, without moving his mind and body. At that time, the heavens rained mandala flowers, maha mandala flowers, manjusha flowers, and maha manjusha flowers, and scattered them on the body of the Buddha and the bodies of the great congregations. In all universal Buddha's worlds, there were six kinds of quakes.
在那時候,世尊周圍有四眾圍繞供養、恭敬、尊重、讚歎。世尊為一切菩薩說大乘經,給此經命名為《無量義、教菩薩法、佛所護念》。佛說完此經後,結跏趺坐,心神進入無量義處三昧定,身心不動。 這時候,像落雨般從天飄下壇城華(花)、摩訶壇城華(花)、曼珠沙華(花)、摩訶曼珠沙華(花),散於佛身及大眾身上。一切普佛世界,有六種震動。


爾時會中,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷、天龍、夜叉、乾闥婆、阿修羅、迦樓羅、緊那羅、摩侯羅伽、人非人,及諸小王、轉輪聖王。是諸大眾,得未曾有,歡喜合掌,一心觀佛。At that time, in the meeting, bhikṣus, bhikkhunis, Upāsakas, Upāsikās, celestial dragons, Yakşa, Gandharvas, Asuras, Garuḍas, kiṃnaras, Mahoragas, Human-but-non-Humans, as well as small kings and turning-wheel holy kings (Cakravartins). All the great masses had attained something they had never had before, clasped their palms together joyfully, and perceived the Buddha wholeheartedly.
那時候,在大眾會場中,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷、天龍、夜叉、幹闥婆、阿修羅、迦樓羅、緊那羅、摩睺羅伽、人非人,及小王、轉輪聖王。 一切大眾,都得到未曾有過的經驗,歡喜地雙手合掌,專心一意地看著佛陀。


爾時佛放眉間白毫相光,照東方萬八千世界,靡不周遍,下至阿鼻地獄,上至阿迦尼吒天。於此世界,盡見彼土六趣眾生,又見彼土現在諸佛。及聞諸佛所說經法。並見彼諸比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷、諸修行得道者。復見諸菩薩摩訶薩,種種因緣,種種信解,種種相貌,行菩薩道。復見諸佛般涅槃者。復見諸佛般涅槃後,以佛舍利,起七寶塔。
At that time, the Buddha released the light of the white-fine-hair appearance between his eyebrows, illuminating the eighteen thousand worlds in the east, spreading all over everywhere, down to the hell of Avici, and up to the heaven of Akanistha. In this world, they completely saw all living beings in the six destinies of other lands, as well as the present Buddhas in other lands. And they heard the scriptures spoken by the Buddhas. And they saw the other all bhikṣus, bhikkhunis, upasakas, upasikas, and all others who had attained the Tao. And they saw all Pusamahasattvas who were in their various causes and conditions, various beliefs and understandings, various appearances and in practicing the Pusa way. And they saw all Buddhas who had been in the parinirvana. And they saw all Buddhas erected the Seven Treasures Pagodas with the Buddha's sariras after all Buddhas had been in the parinirvana.
那時,佛在雙眉中間放出白毛相的光明,照耀東方一萬八千世界,遍及一切處,下至阿鼻地獄,上至迦尼吒阿天。在這個世界裡,他們徹底見到了他方六趣的眾生,以及他方現在的諸佛。又聽到諸佛所說的經。又看到諸比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷及一切得道者。又看到一切菩薩摩訶薩,以種種因緣,種種信解,種種相貌,修行菩薩道。又見諸佛般涅槃。又見諸佛般涅槃後,以佛的舍利,建立起七寶塔。


爾時彌勒菩薩作是念:「今者、世尊現神變相,以何因緣而有此瑞。今佛世尊入於三昧,是不可思議、現稀有事,當以問誰,誰能答者。」復作此念:「是文殊師利、法王之子,已曾親近供養過去無量諸佛,必應見此稀有之相,我今當問。」
At that time, the Pusa Maitreya did this thought: "Now, the World-Venerable One demonstrates the spirit-transform phenomenon. What is the cause and condition for this auspiciousness? Today, the Buddha, the World-Venerable One, has entered into samadhi. This is an unbelievable and quite rare thing. Who can I ask for advice? Who can answer?" And the Pusa Maitreya thought again: "This is Manjusri, the son of the law-king. He had got close to and made offerings to past-countless Buddhas. He must have seen this rare phenomenon. I should ask him now."
那時,彌勒菩薩作如是念:“今世尊展現神變現象,此吉祥為何因緣?今日佛世尊已入三摩地。這是一件不可思議的、非常罕見的事情。我可以向誰請教?誰可以回答?” 彌勒菩薩作了這樣的念頭:“這是文殊菩薩,法王之子,曾親近供養過往無量諸佛,必定見過這件奇事,我應當請問他。”


爾時比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷、及諸天龍、鬼神等,咸作此念:「是佛光明神通之相,今當問誰?」
At that time, the bhikṣus, bhikkhunis, upasakas, upasikas, and all celestial dragons, ghosts and gods, etc., all did this thought: "This is the phenomenon of the Buddha's light and open-spirit power. Who should I ask now?"
那時,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷,一切天龍鬼神等,都作這樣的念頭:“這是佛的光明神通力的現象,我今應當請問誰?” 


爾時彌勒菩薩,欲自決疑,又觀四眾比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷、及諸天龍、鬼神、等,眾會之心,而問文殊師利言:「以何因緣、而有此瑞、神通之相,放大光明,照於東方萬八千土,悉見彼佛國界莊嚴?」
At that time, the Pusa Maitreya wished to resolve doubts for himself, perceived the hearts of assembly of all sentient beings, the four groups of bhikṣus, bhikkhunis, upasakas, upasikas, and all celestial dragons, ghosts and gods, etc., and asked Manjusri: What is the cause and condition for such auspiciously open-spirit phenomenon, magnifying the light, shining in the eighteen thousand lands in the east, and the majesty of the other Buddha's countries and realms can been seen by us completely?"
那時,彌勒菩薩想為自己解開這個疑惑,又觀察四眾比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷及一切天龍鬼神等等於集會中眾生的心,而請問文殊師利:是怎樣的因緣,有這樣吉祥、神通現象,大放光明,照耀東方一萬八千國土,而他方諸佛國土莊重威嚴的情況,都讓我們看見?


於是彌勒菩薩欲重宣此義,以偈問曰:
Then the Pusa Maitreya wanted to reiterate this meaning, and asked in verse:
這時彌勒菩薩想重說這個意思,便以偈子問道:


文殊師利,    導師何故,    眉間白毫,    大光普照。
Manjushri, why for the Guide-Master, the white-fine hair between the eyebrows, the large light universally shines.
文殊師利,為什麼導師,在雙眉中間的白毛,能放大光明,普遍照耀他方佛國世界。


雨曼陀羅、    曼殊沙華,    栴檀香風,    悅可眾心。
To rain mandala, manjusaka, wind the candana fragrance, delight the hearts of all.
像雨般落下曼陀羅花,曼殊沙花,風吹送著栴檀香,愉悅所有人的心靈。


以是因緣,    地皆嚴淨,    而此世界,    六種震動。
Due to this cause and condition, all lands are dignified-clean, and in this world, there are six kinds of quakes.
由於這個原因和條件,一切佛的國土都是莊嚴清淨的,而在這個世界上,有六種震動。


時四部眾,    咸皆歡喜,    身意快然,    得未曾有。
At that time the four congregations, all of them with joy and gladness, happy and satisfied in their body and mind, obtain what they never had before.
在那時,四個會眾都充滿喜悅和快樂,身心愉悅,獲得了他們從未擁有過的經驗。


眉間光明,    照於東方,    萬八千土,    皆如金色,
The light between the eyebrows, shine in the east, the eighteen thousand lands, all of them like gold,
佛陀雙眉中間的光芒,照耀東方,一萬八千國土,都如金色般璀璨明亮,


從阿鼻獄、    上至有頂。    諸世界中,    六道眾生,
From the Avici hell, up to having-top. In all worlds, the sentient beings of the six realms,
從阿鼻地獄,於上到達頂端。一切世界中,六道的眾生,
(六道(從下至上):地獄道,畜生道,人道,阿修羅道,菩薩道)


生死所趨,    善惡業緣,    受報好醜,    於此悉見。
The tendency of birth and death, good and bad karma-condition, good and ugly retribution, all can be seen here.
六道裡每個眾生的出生與死亡的趨向,善與惡的業因與業緣,所感受到的果報(報應)的好與壞,都可以在這裡看到。


又睹諸佛,    聖主師子,    演說經典,    微妙第一。
And see all Buddhas, holy Lords and lions, who perform to speak scripture-classics, which is the subtlety-first.
又看見所有佛陀、聖主和師子,他們表演講述經文,這是微妙之首。


其聲清淨,    出柔軟音,    教諸菩薩,    無數億萬,
Its voice clear and clean, appear the gentle and soft sound, teach all Pusas, innumerable billions of millions,
他們的聲音清晰而乾淨,出現柔和而細軟的聲音,教導所有的菩薩,有無量億萬的菩薩,


梵音深妙,    令人樂聞。    各於世界,    講說正法,
The Sanskrit sounds profound and wonderful, making people love and delight to hear. They separate from each other in the worlds, to speak and talk the righteous law,
梵文的聲音深邃而美妙,讓人們喜愛並樂於聆聽。他們分別於各個世界,講述和傳達正義正確的法則,


種種因緣,    以無量喻,    照明佛法,    開悟眾生。
In all kinds of causes and conditions, with immeasurable metaphors, to illuminate the Buddha-law, to enlighten all sentient beings.
在各種因緣中,以無量的比喻,來照亮佛法,啟迪一切眾生。


若人遭苦,    厭老病死,    為說涅槃,    盡諸苦際。
If people suffer from suffering, hate aging, sickness and death, the Buddha speaks of Nirvana for them, to end all sufferings.
如果人們遭受痛苦,厭惡衰老、疾病和死亡,佛陀為他們講述涅槃,以結束所有的痛苦。


若人有福,    曾供養佛,    志求勝法,    為說緣覺。
If people have blessed repaying, they have made offerings to the Buddha, and their ambitions are to seek the victory-law, the Buddha speaks about the awakened-by-twelve-causes-and-conditions for them.
如果人們有福報,他們曾經供養佛陀,他們的志向是尋求殊勝的佛法,佛陀為他們講述十二因緣的覺醒。


若有佛子,    修種種行,    求無上慧,    為說淨道。
If there are disciples of the Buddha, who cultivate various practices and seek supreme wisdom, the Buddha speaks about the clean Dao(Way) for them.
如果有佛陀的弟子,修習各種法門,尋求至高的智慧,佛陀就會為他們講述清淨的道。


文殊師利,    我住於此,    見聞若斯,    及千億事,
Manjusri, I live here, I have seen and heard like this, and thousands of billions of things,
文殊菩薩,我住於此,我看到和聽到過這樣的事,以及成千上萬億的事情,


如是眾多,    今當略說。    我見彼土,    恒沙菩薩,
So many like this, I will briefly describe them now. I see other lands, the Ganges-sand Pusas,
類似這樣的例子很多,我現在就簡單介紹一下。我見他佛國土,恒河沙菩薩,


種種因緣,    而求佛道。    或有行施,   金銀珊瑚、
All kinds of causes and conditions, to seek the Buddha-Dao (Buddha-Way). Maybe there is doing giving, gold, silver and coral,
各種因緣,尋求成佛的道(佛法)。也許有施捨,金、銀和珊瑚,


真珠摩尼、    硨磲瑪瑙、    金剛諸珍、    奴婢車乘、
Pearl Mani, Tridacna Agate, Diamond and like these all Treasures, Slaver and Vehicle-On-Boarding,
珍珠瑪尼、硨磲瑪瑙、鑽石等所有寶物、奴隸和乘車,


寶飾輦輿,    歡喜布施。    回向佛道,    願得是乘,
The cart is decorated with treasures, and which joyfully to give. Turning to the Dao (Way) of Buddha, wishing to obtain this On-Boarding,
車上裝飾著寶物,人們很樂意給予。(將功德)轉向佛道,祈願得到此乘(佛乘),


三界第一,    諸佛所歎。    或有菩薩,  駟馬寶車,
The number one in the Three Realms, praised and admired by all Buddhas. Or there are Pusas, four-horse carts decorated with treasures,
此為三界第一,受眾佛稱讚敬佩。或有菩薩,裝飾著寶藏的四匹馬拉的馬車,


欄楯華蓋,    軒飾布施。   復見菩薩,  身肉手足,
Baluster and baldachin, and curtain-decorated carriage so as to give. And I also see the Pusas again, body-meat and limbs,  
欄杆和華蓋,以及用布簾裝飾的馬車,以便給予。我又看到了菩薩,身體的肉和四肢,

及妻子施,    求無上道。    又見菩薩,    頭目身體,
And their wives so as to give, in order to seek the supreme Dao (Way). And I also see the Pusas again, heads and bodies,
以及他們的妻子,用以布施,為了求證無上的成佛的道義。我又看到了菩薩,頭和身體,
(備註:以現代的觀點,布施妻子是不可取的,因為這物化女性,並且不尊重女性的自主權。布施妻子是古代陋習,現代男性千萬不可學。)


欣樂施與,    求佛智慧。    文殊師利,    我見諸王,
Rejoice in giving, and seek the Buddha-wisdom. Manjushri, I see all kings,
歡喜快樂地布施,求佛的智慧。文殊菩薩,我見一切國王,


往詣佛所,    問無上道,    便捨樂土,    宮殿臣妾,
Go to and visit the Buddha's place, ask the supreme Dao (Way), then give up the pleasant lands, palaces, minsters and concubines,
前往參拜佛的住所,請問無上的佛道,然後捨棄歡樂的國土、宮殿、大臣、妃嬪,


剃除鬚髮,    而被法服。    或見菩薩,    而作比丘,
Shave off the beard and hair, and wear the law-clothes. Or I see the Pusas, who become Bhikkhus,
剃去鬍鬚、頭髮,穿上法衣。或我見菩薩,他們成為比丘,


獨處閑靜,    樂誦經典。    又見菩薩,    勇猛精進,
Be alone at ease and quietly, willing joyfully to recite the scripture-classics. And I also see the Pusas, who are bold, powerful and diligent,
獨處自在安靜,樂於誦經。我還看到了菩薩們,他們勇敢、強大、勤奮,


入於深山,    思惟佛道。    又見離欲,    常處空閒,
Entering the deep mountains, thinking about Buddha-Dao (Buddha-Way) . And I also see they disengage desire, and always are at leisure,
進入深山,思考佛教的道理以及成佛的道。我也看到他們脫離了慾望,身與心總是處在心空沒有罣礙又閒適的情境當中,


深修禪定,    得五神通。    又見菩薩,    安禪合掌,
Deeply practice meditation, and get the five spirit-openness powers. I also see Pusas, who peacefully meditate in sitting and put his palms together,
深修禪定,得五種神通。我還看到菩薩,他們平靜地打坐,合掌,


以千萬偈,    讚諸法王。    復見菩薩,    智深志固,
With tens of thousands of verses, praise all Law-Kings. I also see Pusas, who with deep wisdom and solid will,
以千萬偈頌,稱讚一切法王。我又見到菩薩,他們以深邃的智慧和堅定的意志,


能問諸佛,    聞悉受持。    又見佛子,    定慧具足,
Can consult all Buddhas, and can accept and uphold after hearing. I also see the Buddha's disciples, who are full of steady and wisdom,
能請教諸佛,聽聞皆能受持。我亦見佛弟子,具有足夠的安穩及智慧,


以無量喻,    為眾講法,    欣樂說法,    化諸菩薩,
Using immeasurable similes, to talk about the Buddha-law for the masses, joyfully speaking of the Buddha-law, so as to teach all Pusas,
以無量譬喻,為大眾講說佛法,歡喜快樂地開示佛法,以教一切菩薩,


破魔兵眾,    而擊法鼓。    又見菩薩,    寂然宴默,
Destroy the demon-soldier masses, and beat the law-drum. And I see the Pusas, who silently live in peace,
消滅魔兵的群眾,敲響法鼓。我還看到菩薩,他們安靜地生活著,


天龍恭敬,    不以為喜。    又見菩薩,    處林放光,
Being respected by celestial dragons, and did not feel happy for this. And I also see the Pusas, who release light in the forest,
受到天龍的尊重,並沒有為此感到高興。我還看到菩薩,在森林中釋放光芒,


濟地獄苦,    令入佛道。    又見佛子,    未嘗睡眠,
To relieve the suffering in hell, and to make those enter the Buddha-Dao (Buddha-Way). And I also see the Buddha-disciples, who never sleep,
解除地獄諸苦,使它們進入成佛的道路。又見佛弟子,沒有睡覺,


經行林中,    勤求佛道。    又見具戒,    威儀無缺,
Offen-Walking (Zen-Walking,Caṅkramati) in the forest, and diligently seeking the Buddha-Dao (Buddha-Way). And I also see them full of precepts, no shortage of majestic and dignified manner,
在林間行禪,精進求佛道。又見他們完滿戒律,不失威嚴,


淨如寶珠,    以求佛道。    又見佛子,    住忍辱力,
Clean as precious pearls, in order to seek the Buddha-Dao (Buddha-Way). And I also see the Buddha-disciples, who dwell in the power of endure humiliation,
清淨如同寶珠一樣,以求成佛的道路及方法。又見諸佛弟子,住於忍辱的力量,


增上慢人,   惡罵捶打,    皆悉能忍,    以求佛道。
Arrogance-increasing people, to fiercely curse and beat them, all this can be endured, so as to seek the Buddha-Dao (Buddha-Way). 
遇到增加驕慢之人,惡罵毆打,對此都可忍受,以求證成佛的道義及方法。


又見菩薩,    離諸戲笑,    及癡眷屬,    親近智者,
And I also see Pusas, who stay away from all laughing and playing, and from foolish-addicted family members, and stay close to the wise,
又看見菩薩,遠離一切嬉戲,並且遠離愚癡的家人,而親近有智慧的人,


一心除亂,    攝念山林,    億千萬歲,    以求佛道。
With the single-mindedness to eliminate confusion, capture the thoughts and dwell in the mountains and forests, go through hundreds of millions of years, in order to seek the Fo-Dao (Buddha-Way).
以一心消除困惑,收攝心念而住在山林中,歷經千萬年,以求成佛的道義及方法。


或見菩薩,    肴膳飲食,    百種湯藥,    施佛及僧。
Or I see Pusas, who prepare meals and drinks, hundred kinds of soups and medicines, to offer Buddhas and monks.
或看見菩薩,準備餐飯飲食,百種的湯藥,供養十方一切佛及僧人。


名衣上服,    價值千萬,    或無價衣,    施佛及僧。
Famous silks and expensive clothes, worth tens of millions, or priceless clothes, given to Buddhas and monks.
以名帛貴衣,價值千萬,或無價之衣,供養十方一切佛菩薩及僧人。


千萬億種,    栴檀寶舍,    眾妙臥具,    施佛及僧。
Thousands of billions of kinds of Candana treasured houses, all wonderful bedding and appliances, offering Buddhas and monks. 
以千億種種,旃檀珍寶所作的房屋,一切美妙的寢具,供養十方一切佛及僧人。


清淨園林,    華果茂盛,    流泉浴池,    施佛及僧。
Clean gardens, lush flowers and fruits, flowing springs and bathing pools, offering Buddhas and monks.
將花園整理乾淨,讓花果生長茂盛,有流動的泉水及浴池,以此供養佛及僧。


如是等施,    種果微妙,    歡喜無厭,    求無上道。
Offering like this and so on, planting fruits is subtle, joyful and no boredom, to seek the supreme-Dao (supreme-Way).
像這樣種種的供養,就像種下善的種子及生出善的果報般的深奧玄妙(超出一般人尋常所想),令人感到歡喜並且沒有厭倦,以求證無上的成佛的道義及方法。


或有菩薩,    說寂滅法,    種種教詔,   無數眾生。
There may be Pusas, who preach the Law of Nirvana, various teachings and lessons, (teaching) countless sentient beings.
或有菩薩,宣說寂靜滅度的涅槃法,傳授種種佛法的教義及課程,為了教導無量的有情眾生。


或見菩薩,    觀諸法性,    無有二相,    猶如虛空。
Or I see Pusas, who perceive all Law-Nature, there is no two-phenomenon, just like the empty space.
或看見菩薩,覺知一切法性,沒有二種對立的相,就像虛空一樣。


又見佛子,    心無所著,    以此妙慧,    求無上道。
I also see the Buddha-disciples, who have no attachments in their minds, and with this wonderful wisdom, seek the supreme-Dao (supreme-Way).
又看見佛弟子,心中沒有任何執著,以這樣深奧玄妙的智慧,求證無上的成佛的道義。


文殊師利,    又有菩薩,    佛滅度後,    供養舍利。
Manjushri, there are also Pusas, after the Buddha had the Eliminated-Ferried, to make offerings to sarira (relics).
文殊菩薩,還有菩薩,在佛圓寂滅度後,供養佛陀的舍利子。


又見佛子,    造諸塔廟,    無數恒沙,    嚴飾國界,
I also see the Buddha-disciples, who build all pagodas and temples, and countless Ganges-River-Sand, to solemnly decorate the borders of the countries,
又看見佛弟子,建造各種塔廟,歷經無數恒河沙劫(歷經很久遠的時間),莊嚴裝飾各國邊境,


寶塔高妙,    五千由旬,    縱廣正等,    二千由旬。
The treasured pagoda is tall and wonderful, five thousand yojanas, vertical, wide, square, and equal, two thousand yojanas.
寶塔高而奇妙,高五千由旬,縱、寬、方、等,各有兩千由旬。(註解:「由旬」為印度長寬高的計算單位)


一一塔廟,    各千幢幡,    珠交露幔,    寶鈴和鳴。
Each pagoda and temple, decorated with thousands of banners, pearls intertwined to form curtains as dew, and precious bells sing in harmony.
各佛塔廟宇,各有上千長形旗幟裝飾,珍珠交織成簾如露,寶鐘和諧地齊鳴。


諸天龍神、    人及非人,    香華伎樂,    常以供養。
All heavens, dragons, gods, human beings and non-human beings, with fragrances, flowers, performances and music, commonly use these to make offerings.
一切天、龍、神、人、非人,以香、花、戲劇、音樂,常用這些供養佛塔廟及十方一切佛及僧。


文殊師利,    諸佛子等,    為供舍利,    嚴飾塔廟,
Manjushri, all the Buddha-disciples and so on, in order to make offerings sarira (relics of body after burned; it means the relics of Buddhas here.), solemnly decorate the pagodas and temples,
文殊菩薩, 一切佛弟子等,為了供養佛陀舍利,莊嚴裝飾塔廟,


國界自然,    殊特妙好,    如天樹王,    其華開敷,
The borders of the countries are natural, special and wonderful, like the tree-king in heaven, whose blossoms are blooming,
各國的邊界自然,獨特美妙,就像天上的樹王,花朵盛開,


佛放一光,    我及眾會,    見此國界,    種種殊妙,
The Buddha shines a light, I and the assembly, see this country-border, which shows the various extraordinary and splendid,
佛放光明,我與大眾,看見這國土邊界,顯現各種殊勝玄妙,


諸佛神力,    智慧稀有,    放一淨光,    照無量國。
All Buddhas’ spiritual power, and wisdom are extremely rare, and they emit a clean light, which illuminates countless lands.
一切佛的神通力量,智慧極為稀有,放出清淨光明,照亮無量國土。


我等見此,    得未曾有。    佛子文殊,    願決眾疑,
We all see this, and feel that we have never seen it before. Buddha-disciple Manjushri, I wish you solve all doubts of the public,
我們都看到了這一點,得到以前從未有過的經歷。文殊菩薩,願您解除大眾一切疑惑,


四眾欣仰,    瞻仁及我,    世尊何故,    放斯光明。
The four congregations joyfully look up, look at You Benevolent and me with reverence, why the World Venerable One, shine this light.
和尚、女尼、男居士、女居士,這四眾歡喜地抬頭,恭敬地看著我與仁者,請問世尊是甚麼原因,放出這樣明亮的光。


佛子時答,    決疑令喜,    何所饒益,    演斯光明。
The Buddha-disciple answers at the time, solves doubts to make the public joy, how to benefit all beings, so as to manifest this light.
佛弟子當時解答,解惑令大眾歡喜,如何利益一切眾生,從而顯現此光明。


佛坐道場,    所得妙法,    為欲說此,    為當授記,
The Buddha seat in the Dao place, what obtained the wondrous Law, in order to say this, so as to confer the Records for them, (Record-Conferring)
佛坐於道場,得深奧玄妙的佛法,為了說這深奧玄妙的佛法,為了授記給諸佛子及眾生,(授記)


示諸佛土,     眾寶嚴淨,    及見諸佛,    此非小緣。
Demonstrate all the Buddha-lands, all the treasures solemnly clean, and see all the Buddhas. This is not the Little-Cause,
示現一切佛的國土,佛土中的一切寶藏莊嚴清淨,並看見一切佛,這不是一般人小小的因緣所能看到,


文殊當知,    四眾龍神,    瞻察仁者,    為說何等。
Manjusri you should know. The four congregations, celestial dragons and gods, look at and perceive You Benevolent with reverence, what kind you would speak to them.
文殊菩薩你應該知道。和尚、女尼、男居士、女居士,這四眾及天龍天神,恭敬地看著仁慈的您,您會為他們說什麼。


爾時文殊師利語彌勒菩薩摩訶薩、及諸大士,善男子等:「如我惟忖,今佛世尊欲說大法,雨大法雨,吹大法螺,擊大法鼓,演大法義。諸善男子,我於過去諸佛,曾見此瑞,放斯光已,即說大法。是故當知今佛現光,亦復如是,欲令眾生,咸得聞知一切世間難信之法,故現斯瑞。」
At that time Manjushri said to Pusamahasattva Maitreya, and all Great-People, good men, etc.: "As I am thinking, the Buddha, World Venerable One, wants to preach the Great-Law, to rain the Great-Law-Rain, to blow the Great-Law-Conch, to drum the Great-Law-Drum, and to demonstrate the Great-Law-Meaning. All good men, I have seen this kind of auspiciousness in all past Buddhas, where after the light had been shined, the Great-Law was spoken immediately. Therefore, we should know that the light shined by the present Buddha is also the same, intending to let all living beings hear and know all the world-difficulty-believed Law, this is why this auspiciousness is manifested."
爾時文殊菩薩,對彌勒菩薩及一切有修行成就的大居士、善男子等言:「如我所想,佛世尊想傳授大法,雨大法雨,吹大法螺,擊大法鼓,彰顯大法意。各位善男子,我在過去一切諸佛所在的地方,看見過像這樣的吉祥,在光明照耀後,立即說出了大法。所以,我們應該知道,現在佛所放的光也是一樣的,想要令一切眾生,聽聞知道,一切世間難以相信的佛法,這就是為什麼,這種吉祥得以顯現的原因。」

 
「諸善男子,如過去無量無邊不可思議阿僧祇劫,爾時有佛,號日月燈明如來、應供、正遍知、明行足、善逝、世間解、無上士、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、世尊,演說正法,初善、中善、後善,其義深遠,其語巧妙,純一無雜,具足清白梵行之相。為求聲聞者、說應四諦法,度生老病死,究竟涅槃。為求辟支佛者、說應十二因緣法。為諸菩薩、說應六波羅蜜,令得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,成一切種智。」
"All good men, as if in the past immeasurable, boundless, inconceivable asamkhya kalpas, there was a Buddha titled Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright Tathagata, Should-Make-Offerings, Truthfully-all-over-the-knowing, Brightness-and-Action-Feets, Good-Death, Understanding-the-World, Supreme-Scholar, Great-Man-of-Taming, Teacher-of-Heavens-and-Humans, Buddha, and World-Venerable-One, who performed and preached the True-Law, the goodness at the beginning, the goodness in the middle, and the goodness at later, which meanings were profound and which words were ingenious, purely one without complication, and full of the appearance of the clearly clean action. For those who seek the Sound-Hearing, the Buddha﹝Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright﹞ spoke the proving Four-Truth-Law, ferrying (saving) the sufferings of living, aging, sickness and dying, and finally reaching the Nirvana. For those who seek Pratyeka-Buddha, the Buddha ﹝Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright﹞spoke the proving Twelve-Causality-Law. For all Pusas, the Buddha ﹝Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright﹞spoke the proving Six-Paramitas, so as to make them achieve anuttara-samyak-sambodhi ﹝true equality and true awakening﹞and achieve all kinds of species wisdom.”
一切善男子,在過去無量無邊不可思議阿僧祇劫,有佛號日月燈明如來、應供養、真實遍知、光明行足、善死、通達世間、無上學者、調伏偉人、天人師、佛、世尊,行傳正法,初善,中善,後善,其意深奧,言詞巧妙,純粹而不複雜,充滿清晰乾淨行動的相貌。有求聲聞的人,日月燈明佛為他們說四諦法,渡(度)生、老、病、死之苦,最終證得涅槃。對於求辟支佛的人,日月燈明佛為他們說十二因緣。日月明燈佛為一切菩薩,說法六波羅蜜,使他們證得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,證得一切種智。


「次復有佛、亦名日月燈明,次復有佛、亦名日月燈明,如是二萬佛、皆同一字,號日月燈明,又同一姓,姓頗羅墮。彌勒當知,初佛後佛,皆同一字,名日月燈明,十號具足。所可說法,初中後善。其最後佛,未出家時、有八王子,一名有意,二名善意,三名無量意,四名寶意,五名增意,六名除疑意,七名向意,八名法意。是八王子,威德自在,各領四天下。是諸王子,聞父出家,得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。悉捨王位,亦隨出家,發大乘意,常修梵行,皆為法師,已於千萬佛所、植諸善本。」
"Once more there is a Buddha also named Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright, and once more there is a Buddha also named Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright. Like this there are 20,000 Buddhas with the same name, named Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright, and there is the same surname, which is Bharadvaja. Maitreya you should know, the beginning Buddhas and the later Buddhas, who had the same name, named Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright, and they possessed the ten titles completely. What Law was able to be spoken, there was the beginning, middle and later Goodness. The last Buddha, when he had not yet leaved his family, had eight princes, the first one named Mind-Having, the second one named Goodness-Mind, the third one named Infinite-Mind, and the fourth one named Treasure-Mind, the fifth one named Mind-Increasing, the sixth one named Doubts-Eliminating-Mind, the seventh one named Toward-Mind, and the eight one named Law-Mind. These were the eight princes, who had majesty-virtue and were at ease, and each led the four worlds. These princes, who had heard their father leaving the family to be a monk and achieving anuttara-samyak-sambodhi ﹝true equality and true awakening﹞, all gave up the throne, and also left home as followed, arisen the Great-Boarding Mind, and practiced the Brahmacarya (clean action) all the time. They were all Law-masters, and had planted various good roots in the places of thousands and ten thousands of Buddhas."
「其次又有佛,也稱號日月燈明;其次又有佛,也稱號日月燈明。像這樣有二萬佛,都有相同的名號,稱號名為日月燈明,也同姓,即頗羅墮。彌勒你當知道,最初的佛和最後的佛,都同一名號,稱號為日月燈明,這些佛的十種名號都完全具足。所能說的佛法,有初善、中善、後善。最後的佛還沒有出家的時候,生有八位王子,第一位王子名有意(心),第二位王子名善意(心),第三位王子名無量意(心),第四位王子名寶意(心),第五位王子名為增意(心),第六位王子名為除疑意(心),第七位王子名為向意(心),第八位王子名為法意(心)。這八位王子,有威德相,有自在心,各自領導東西南北四天的世界。這些王子,聽聞他們的父親出家為僧,得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提(正等正覺),都捨棄王位,隨他們的父親出家為僧,發大乘心,並始終修習梵行(Brahmacarya)。

 
「是時日月燈明佛說大乘經,名無量義、教菩薩法、佛所護念。說是經已,即於大眾中、結跏趺坐,入於無量義處三昧,身心不動。是時、天雨曼陀羅華,摩訶曼陀羅華,曼殊沙華,摩訶曼殊沙華,而散佛上、及諸大眾。普佛世界,六種震動。爾時會中,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷、天龍、夜叉、乾闥婆、阿修羅、迦樓羅、緊那羅、摩侯羅伽、人非人、及諸小王、轉輪聖王、等。是諸大眾,得未曾有,歡喜合掌,一心觀佛。」
"At that time, the Buddha Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright was speaking the Great-Boarding-Scripture, which was called Infinite-Meaning, Pusa-Law-Teaching and Protected-and-Brought-to-Mind-by-all-Buddhas. After he had spoken this Scripture, instantly in the congregations, he sat in cross legged position (lotus position), entered into the samadhi of Infinite Meaning Place, and his body and mind remained motionless. At that time, the heavens rained mandala flowers, Mahamandala flowers, Manjusaka flowers, and Mahamanjusaka flowers, and scattered them on the body of the Buddha and all the people. The universal Buddha's worlds were shaken in six ways. At that time, in the congregations, the Bhikkhus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, Upasikas, celestial dragons, Yakshas, ​​Gandharvas, Asuras, Garuḍas, kinnaras, Mahoragas, humans-but-non-humans, as well as all little kings, wheel-turning sage kings, etc. All these publics, who had never had before, joyfully put their palms together and wholeheartedly perceived the Buddha.”
這時候,日月燈明佛,說大乘經,經名為無量義、菩薩教、一切諸佛所護念。他說完此經後,立即在大眾中結跏趺坐 (跏趺坐),入無量義處三摩地,身心不動。這時候,像落雨般從天落下曼陀羅華 (花),摩訶曼陀羅華 (花),曼殊沙華 (花),摩訶曼陀羅華 (花),而散落在佛陀身上、以及一切大眾身上。普世一切佛的世界,以六種方式受到震動。這時候,四眾中,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷、天龍、夜叉、幹闥婆、阿修羅、迦樓羅、緊那羅、摩睺羅伽、人非人,以及一切小王、轉輪聖王等等。這一切大眾,都未曾有過這種經驗,都以歡喜心合掌,專注一心注視著佛陀。

 
「爾時如來放眉間白毫相光,照東方萬八千佛土,靡不周遍,如今所見、是諸佛土。彌勒當知,爾時會中,有二十億菩薩、樂欲聽法。是諸菩薩,見此光明、普照佛土,得未曾有,欲知此光所為因緣。時有菩薩,名曰妙光,有八百弟子。是時日月燈明佛從三昧起,因妙光菩薩、說大乘經,名妙法蓮華、教菩薩法、佛所護念。六十小劫、不起於座。時會聽者、亦坐一處,六十小劫、身心不動,聽佛所說,謂如食頃。是時眾中,無有一人、若身若心而生懈倦。」
"At that time, the Tathagata let out the light of the white hair between his eyebrows, illuminating the eight thousand Buddha lands in the east, all over the places. What you see now are all the Buddha lands. Maitreya, you should know that there were two billion Pusas in the congregation at that time, who were willing to listen to the Law with happiness. All these Pusas, seeing this light which universally illuminated the Buddha lands, obtained the never having before, and wanted to know for what the cause and condition of this light. At that time, there was a Pusa named Wonderful-Light, who had eight hundred disciples. At that time, the Buddha Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright was out from the Samadhi, due to the Pusa Wonderful-Light, spoke the Great-Boarding-Scripture, titled Lotus Magnificence of Marvelous Law, Pusa-Law-Teaching and Protected-and-Brought-to-Mind-by-all-Buddhas. Through sixty little kalpas, the Buddha didn’t rise from his seat. Those who listened at that time in the congregation also sat in one place. Through sixty little kalpas, their body and mind won’t move. The time it took to listen to the Buddha's teachings was just like the time it took to eat a meal. At that time, there was not a single person in the congregation who generated the laxity and fatigue in body or mind."
「這時候,如來在兩眉中間放出白毛相的光明,照耀東方八千佛國土,遍照一切。你現在看到的,都是佛國土。彌勒,你當知道,當時四大眾中,有二十億菩薩,以喜樂心聽聞佛法。一切菩薩,看見這樣的佛光普遍照耀佛土,得到未曾有過的經驗,想要知道這佛光有著怎樣的因緣。這時候,有一位菩薩,名號妙光,有弟子八百人。這時候,日月燈明佛出三摩地,因妙光菩薩,說大乘經,名曰妙法蓮華、教菩薩法、一切佛所護念。經過六十小劫這麼長的時間,佛不起座。當時會眾裡聽聞佛法的人也都坐在一處。經過六十小劫這麼長的時間,身心不動。聽佛講說佛法的時間,就如同吃一頓飯的時間而已。當時,會眾中沒有一個人產生身體或心靈的倦怠和疲勞。



「日月燈明佛於六十小劫說是經已,即於梵、魔、沙門、婆羅門、及天、人、阿修羅、眾中,而宣此言,如來於今日中夜,當入無餘涅槃。時有菩薩,名曰德藏,日月燈明佛即授其記。告諸比丘:『是德藏菩薩,次當作佛,號曰淨身,多陀阿伽度、阿羅訶、三藐三佛陀。』佛授記已,便於中夜、入無餘涅槃。佛滅度後,妙光菩薩持妙法蓮華經,滿八十小劫,為人演說。日月燈明佛八子、皆師妙光。妙光教化,令其堅固阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。是諸王子、供養無量百千萬億佛已,皆成佛道,其最後成佛者,名曰燃燈。八百弟子中,有一人、號曰求名,貪著利養,雖復讀誦眾經,而不通利,多所忘失,故號求名。是人亦以種諸善根因緣故,得值無量百千萬億諸佛,供養、恭敬,尊重、讚歎。」
"The Buddha Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright had already spoken this scripture for sixty little kalpas, instantly being in the Brahmas, demons, sramana, brahmins, devas, humans, and asuras and all the people, to announce these words, that the Tathagata will be at the midnight today into the Completely-Nirvana. At that time, there was a Pusa named Virtue-Gathering and the Buddha Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright gave him the Record-Conferring. The Buddha told all the Bhikkhus: "This Pusa Virtue-Gathering will be the next Buddha, and his title is Purify-Body, Tathagata, Arhat, Samyaksaṃbuddha." The Buddha had already conferred this record, he was then into the Completely-Nirvana in the middle of the night. After the Buddha was in the Eliminated-Saving, the Pusa Wonderful-Light held the Scripture-of-Lotus-Magnificence-of-Marvelous Law for eighty little kalpas and preached to people. The eight sons of the Buddha Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright were all relying on the Pusa Wonderful-Light as a Master and learning from and following him. What the teaching and enlightening the Pusa Wonderful-Light had done is to make them be firm in the Anuttarasamyaksambodhi. These princes had made offerings to countless hundreds of thousands of billions of Buddhas, and they had all achieved Buddhahood. The last one to become a Buddha was called Lamp-Burning. In his eight hundred disciples, there was a person who was called Fame-Seeking. He was greedy for and obsessed with the profit-offered. Although he had read and recited many scriptures over and over again, he had not accessed interests or benefited from them and had forgotten them often, so he was called Fame-Seeking. This person had also planted many good roots and could encounter countless hundreds and thousands of trillions of Buddhas, so as to make offerings to, revere, respect, and praise them.”
日月燈明佛,已經宣說這部佛經,經過六十小劫這麼長的時間,即時於梵、魔、沙門、婆羅門、天、人、阿修羅及一切眾生當中,宣說這樣的話,說如來(日月燈明佛)將於今日子夜(夜晚11點至隔天1點),圓寂入究竟涅槃(肉身死亡入滅)。這時候,有一位菩薩,號「德藏」,日月燈明佛當下為他授記。佛告訴一切比丘:“這位「德藏菩薩」,即是在我之後的下一位佛,名號:淨身,多陀阿伽度、阿羅訶、三藐三佛陀。”日月燈明佛完成這樣的授記,在半夜時分即圓寂入涅槃。日月燈明佛圓寂滅度後,妙光菩薩持《蓮華妙法經》,圓滿經歷八十小劫的時間,為大眾講說佛法。日月燈明佛的八位王子,皆皈依妙光菩薩為師,跟隨妙光菩薩學習法教。妙光菩薩所教化,是使他們堅定阿耨多羅三藐三菩提(無上正等正覺)。這些王子,已經圓滿供養了無量百千億諸佛,都已經成佛。最後一位成佛的王子,名號「燃燈」(燃燈佛陀)。在燃燈佛他的八百弟子當中,有一個人,名字叫做「求名」,這位「求名」,他對他人對他所供養的利益,貪婪且著迷。雖然他一遍又一遍地讀誦許多經典,但他並沒有從中獲得興趣或受益,並且經常忘記它們,所以他被稱為「求名」。因為這個人也種下一切善根因緣的緣故,所以能夠遇到無量百千萬億諸佛,對祂們供養、恭敬、尊重、讚歎。


「彌勒當知,爾時妙光菩薩、豈異人乎,我身是也,求名菩薩,汝身是也。今見此瑞、與本無異,是故惟忖,今日如來當說大乘經,名妙法蓮華、教菩薩法、佛所護念。」
"Maitreya, you should know, at that time, is Pusa Wonderful-Light different from others? My body is it. The Pusa Fame-Seeking, your body is it. Now we see this auspiciousness, it is no different from the original, that is why I think, today the Tathagata should speak the great-boarding scripture, called Lotus Magnificence of Marvelous Law, Pusa-Law-Teaching and Protected-and-Brought-to-Mind-by-All Buddhas."
彌勒,你應該知道,那時候,妙光菩薩與其他人有什麼不同嗎?我的身體就是妙光菩薩。求名菩薩,你的身體就是它。現在我們看到這樣吉祥,和原來沒有什麼兩樣,所以我想,今天如來應該說大乘經,叫做妙法蓮華、教菩薩法、一切諸佛所護念。


爾時文殊師利於大眾中,欲重宣此義,而說偈言:
At that time, Manjushri was among the congregation and wanted to reiterate this meaning, so he said verses:
當時,文殊菩薩在會眾中,想重申這個意義,所以說偈:


我念過去世,    無量無數劫,    有佛人中尊,   號日月燈明。
I recalled that in the past worlds of my life, in immeasurable and countless kalpas, there was a Buddha revered by the humans, named Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright.
我憶念我過去世,經歷無法計算且非常久遠的時間,有一位佛,為人所尊崇,名號「日月燈明」。


世尊演說法,    度無量眾生,    無數億菩薩,    令入佛智慧。
The World-Venerable-One performed to preach the Law, to save countless sentient beings, and countless billions of Pusas, who were made entering the Buddha-wisdom.
世尊所傳授演說的佛法,度脫無量眾生出離人生苦海,無量億菩薩,使他們進入佛的智慧。


佛未出家時,    所生八王子,    見大聖出家,    亦隨修梵行。
When the Buddha had not yet left the home, his eight princes born by him, saw the great sage leaving the home, and they also followed him to practice the Brahmacarya (clean action; purify behavior).
佛還未出家的時候,他所生的八位王子,見大聖出家,也跟隨他修持梵行。


時佛說大乘,    經名無量義,    於諸大眾中,    而為廣分別。
At that time, the Buddha spoke the Great-Boarding, and this scripture was named Infinite-Meaning, and the Buddha was in the congregation, to widely differentiate the content for them.
這時候,佛講說大乘經,此經名「無量義」,佛在大眾中,為大眾廣大辨別宣說這部經的內容。


佛說此經已,    即於法座上,    跏趺坐三昧,    名無量義處。
After the Buddha had already spoken this scripture, he instantly sat on the Law-Seat, cross-legged into samadhi, which was called the Immeasurable-Meaning-Place.
佛說完此經後,即刻坐於法座上,結跏趺坐入三昧定,名曰「無量義處」。


天雨曼陀華,    天鼓自然鳴,    諸天龍鬼神,    供養人中尊。
The heavens rained mandala flowers, the heavenly drum sounded naturally, and all the celestial dragons, ghosts and gods, made offerings to the Venerable-One in the human beings.
天像落雨般飄落下曼陀羅花,天鼓自然響起,一切天龍鬼神,供養人間尊者。


一切諸佛土,    即時大震動。    佛放眉間光,    現諸稀有事。
All the Buddha lands, which immediately shook greatly. The Buddha shined light between his brows, revealing rare matters,
一切佛的國土,頓時大為震動。佛眉間放光,顯現出一切難見而稀有的事,


此光照東方,    萬八千佛土,    示一切眾生,    生死業報處。
This light illuminated toward the east, the ten thousand and eight thousand Buddhalands, to illustrate for all sentient beings, the place of karmic retribution for life and death.
此光普照東方萬八千佛世界,為一切眾生示現生死果報的地方。


有見諸佛土,    以眾寶莊嚴,    琉璃玻璃色,    斯由佛光照。
Someone seeing all Buddha lands, solemnly decorated with all treasures, the glazed glass color, all these were illuminated by the Buddha’s light.
有人看見一切佛的國土,以一切珍寶莊嚴地莊飾這些國土,顯現琉璃玻璃的色彩,這些都是經由佛光照耀而顯現。


及見諸天人、    龍神夜叉眾、    乾闥緊那羅,    各供養其佛。
And someone also saw all the heavenly beings, the congregation of the dragons, gods and the yakshas, and the Gandharvas and kinnaras, each making offerings to their Buddha.
也有人看見一切天人、龍、神、夜叉會眾、幹闥婆、緊那羅等,各個供養他們的佛。


又見諸如來,    自然成佛道,    身色如金山,    端嚴甚微妙。
And someone also saw Tathagata, who naturally achieved the Buddha-Dao, with a body color like a mountain of gold, and the upright and dignified appearance was very subtle.
而有人也看到一切如來,自然成就佛道,身體的顏色就像是金色的山一樣閃亮,端正威嚴的樣子十分微妙。


如淨琉璃中,    內現真金像。    世尊在大眾,    敷演深法義。
Just like in pure glass, a true golden image appears inside. The World Venerable One being in the congregation, expounded and performed the profound law-meaning for them.
就像純淨的玻璃一樣,裡面出現了真正的金色圖像。世尊在會眾中,為他們演說深奧的法義。


一一諸佛土,    聲聞眾無數,    因佛光所照,    悉見彼大眾。
In each of the Buddha lands, there were countless voice-hearers, and because they were illuminated by the light of the Buddha, those all can be seen by the others in this congregation.
在每一個佛的國土中,都有無數的聲聞,因有佛光所照耀,所以眾人皆能看見這一切。


或有諸比丘,    在於山林中,    精進持淨戒,    猶如護明珠。
Or there were all Bhikkhus, being in the mountains and forests, diligently upholding the pure precepts, as if protecting bright pearls.
或是看到一切比丘,住在山林中,專注勤勉修行,持清淨的戒律,就好像保護明珠一樣,保護自己的自性佛性。


又見諸菩薩,    行施忍辱等,    其數如恒沙,    斯由佛光照。
And someone also saw Pusas, practicing giving and enduring the humiliation, etc. whose numbers as the Ganges River Sands, these were all illuminated by the Buddha’s light.
也有人看見菩薩,以真誠的行動做布施、忍辱等,這樣的數量就跟印度的恒河當中的沙粒一樣多的數不清,這些都被佛光所照耀。


又見諸菩薩,    深入諸禪定,    身心寂不動,    以求無上道。
And someone also saw all Pusas, deep into all Zen-Steady, and their bodies and minds in silence and no-moving, in order to seek the supreme-Dao.
也有人看見一切菩薩,深入一切禪定,身心寂靜不動,為了求證無上佛道。


又見諸菩薩,    知法寂滅相,    各於其國土,    說法求佛道。
And someone also saw all Pusas, who knew the Law was the phenomenon of silence and annihilation, each of them was in their respective lands, preaching the Law and seeking the Buddha-Dao.
也有人看見一切菩薩,知道世間世出一切法是寂滅相,各個在他們的國土,講說佛法是為了求證佛道。


爾時四部眾,    見日月燈佛,    現大神通力,    其心皆歡喜。
At that time, the four congregations, who saw the Buddha Sun-Moon-Lamp-Bright, manifesting the powers of the great spiritual openness, and their hearts were all joyful.
這時候,比丘、比丘尼、在家男居士、在家女居士,這四部份眾生,看見日月燈明佛,顯現並展開大神通力,他們的內心都感到歡喜。


各各自相問,    是事何因緣,    天人所奉尊,    適從三昧起。
Each one asked each other, what was the cause and condition of these things. The Venerable One respected by heavens and humans, just had arisen from samadhi.
眾人互相詢問對方,這一切的因緣是什麼,天人所尊敬的尊者,剛剛出定。


讚妙光菩薩,    汝為世間眼,    一切所歸信,    能奉持法藏。
Praised Pusa Wonderful-Light, that you were the eyes of the world, whom the all returned to trust, and being able to respectfully hold the Law-Hoard.
讚歎妙光菩薩,你為世間之眼,能被千萬眾生所歸依及信賴,能恭敬地奉持佛法寶藏。


如我所說法,    唯汝能證知。    世尊既讚歎,    令妙光歡喜。
Following what the Law spoken by me, only you were able to prove and realize it. The World-Venerable One already praised it, so as to make the Wonderful-Light rejoice.
按照我所說的法,只有你能證明、能證悟。世尊讚嘆妙光菩薩完畢,使妙光菩薩感到歡喜。


說是法華經,    滿六十小劫,    不起於此座。    所說上妙法,
To speak this Law-Magnificence-Scripture, being full of sixty little kalpas, I did not rise from this seat. What the supreme wonderful Law being spoken,
我(日月燈明佛)講說這部「法華經」,圓滿六十小劫這麼長的時間,不從座位起身。所講的是無上深奧玄妙的佛法,


是妙光法師,    悉皆能受持。    佛說是法華,    令眾歡喜已,
It was the Law-Master Wonderful-Light, the whole was able to be accepted and held by him. The Buddha had spoken this Law-Magnificence. After already making all congregations rejoice,
是這位妙光法師,一切佛法他都能夠感受、接受並掌握修行。日月燈明佛講說這部法華經,令一切眾生感到歡喜後,


尋即於是日,    告於天人眾,    諸法實相義,    已為汝等說,
Then immediately on the same day, told the congregation of gods and humans, that the true phenomenon meaning of all Laws, which had been explained to all of you.
然後當日告訴一切天人及大眾,一切佛法的真實現象的意義,已經為你們各位講說明白。


我今於中夜,    當入於涅槃。    汝一心精進,    當離於放逸,
I was in the middle of the night today, and shall enter Nirvana. You should dedicate yourself to progress with the single-minded, and should stay away from indulgent pleasure,
我(日月燈明佛)今日半夜,我的肉身將死亡,心將寂滅入涅槃。你們當一心一意奮發進取,應當遠離放縱享樂這些不良的習氣,



諸佛甚難值,    億劫時一遇。    世尊諸子等,    聞佛入涅槃,
All the Buddhas were extremely difficult to encounter, who could be only met once in a billion kalpas. The World Venerable One’s all disciples, etc., upon hearing that the Buddha entered Nirvana,
一切佛很難遇見,經過十億劫這麼長的時間才可能遇見一次。世尊(日月燈明佛)的一切弟子等,聽聞日月燈明佛即將入涅槃,


各各懷悲惱,    佛滅一何速。    聖主法之王,    安慰無量眾,
Each of them was filled with sorrow and worry, the Buddha’s disappearance was why so quickly. The Holy Lord was the King of Law, who comforted the countless living beings,
他們每個人都充滿悲傷和擔憂,佛陀為什麼入滅得如此之快。聖主(日月燈明佛)是法王,安撫無量眾生,


我若滅度時,    汝等勿憂怖,    是德藏菩薩,    於無漏實相,
If I pass into extinction, you should not worry or be afraid. This is the Pusa Virtue-Gathering, regarding the no-leaking true-phenomenon,
如果我滅度了,你們不用擔心、不用害怕。這位德藏菩薩,在無漏(沒有煩惱)的真實的現象方面,


心已得通達,    其次當作佛,    號曰為淨身,    亦度無量眾。
His heart had obtained the openness-attained, next time he then became a Buddha, whose title was Purify-Body, and also saved countless living beings.
他的心已經開悟並了解實相,沒有任何障礙,在我之後必當成為佛陀,名號稱為「淨身」,他也救度了無量眾生。


佛此夜滅度,    如薪盡火滅,    分佈諸舍利,    而起無量塔。
The Buddha would be eliminated-in-saving this night, as if the firewood was burned out and the fire was extinguished, distributing all sarira, and setting up immeasurable pagodas.
今夜日月燈明佛將滅度圓寂(肉身死亡,心寂滅),就如同木柴燒盡火熄滅一樣,分布一切舍利給有緣的弟子,建造無量佛塔來供俸舍利(舍利的意思為肉體死亡經火燒後的物質)。



比丘比丘尼,    其數如恒沙,    倍復加精進,    以求無上道。
Bhikṣus and Bhikṣunis, whose numbers were like the Ganges River Sand, who would be more redoubled to dedicate themselves to progress, in order to seek the supreme Dao.
比丘、比丘尼,他們的數量如同印度恒河的沙粒一樣多不可數,在修行學佛上更加倍勤奮進取,為了求證無上的成佛的道義。


是妙光法師,    奉持佛法藏,    八十小劫中,    廣宣法華經。
It was the Law-Master Wonderful-Light, who respected to uphold the Buddha-Law-Hoard, during eighty little kalpas, widely preached the Law-Magnificence-Scripture.
這位妙光法師,尊重修持佛法寶藏,經過八十小劫這麼長的時間,廣泛地宣說法華經。


是諸八王子,    妙光所開化,    堅固無上道,    當見無數佛。
These are the eight princes, whose minds were opened and transformed by the Wonderful-Light, having been firm the heart in supreme-Dao, and certainly seeing countless Buddhas.
這八位王子,他們的身語意接受妙光菩薩的開導與教化,已堅定無上道心,必定見無量諸佛。


供養諸佛已,    隨順行大道,    相繼得成佛,    轉次而授記。
Completely having made offerings to the Buddhas, following and obeying to practice the Great Dao with an easy heart, one after another they would become Buddha (attain Buddhahood), and they would be conferred the record in turn.
圓滿供養一切佛,隨順自在修行大道,這八位王子依次能夠成佛,依次而能夠一一被授記各自的佛陀名號。


最後天中天,    號曰燃燈佛,    諸仙之導師,    度脫無量眾。
Finally, the heaven in the heavens, titled the Buddha Lamp-Burning, who was the Guiding-Master of all immortals, and liberated countless beings.
最後一位天中天,名號稱為「燃燈佛」,為一切仙人的導師,度化並解脫無量眾生。


是妙光法師,    時有一弟子,    心常懷懈怠,    貪著於名利,
It was the Law-Master Wonderful-Light, who had a disciple, whose heart was always lazy and slack, but was greedy for fame and fortune,
這位妙光法師,當時有一個弟子,心中經常感到懶散及倦怠,卻貪圖名聞利養,


求名利無厭,    多遊族姓家,    棄捨所習誦,    廢忘不通利。
Pursuing fame and profit was dissatisfied, and he mostly made friends and associated with families of family clans, abandoning what he had learned and recited, and thus leading to terminate, forget and block the learning.
這位弟子追求名利不滿足,多交友、交往宗族,捨棄所學、所誦,導致學問的終止、遺忘、閉塞。


以是因緣故,    號之為求名。    亦行眾善業,    得見無數佛,
For this cause and condition, he was called Fame-Seeking. He also practiced numerous good karmas, and thus was able to see countless Buddhas.
以這樣的因緣,這位弟子的名號為「求名」。他也修行了無數的善業,所以能夠見到無量諸佛。


供養於諸佛,    隨順行大道,    具六波羅蜜,    今見釋師子。
He had made offerings to all Buddhas, following and obeying to practice the Great Dao with an easy heart, full of the six paramitas, and that was why he could see the Lion-King Sakyamuni now.
他曾經供養一切佛,隨順修行大道,心態淡然,具足布施、持戒、忍辱、精進禪定、智慧這六種波羅蜜,所以現在能見到獅王釋迦牟尼。


其後當作佛,    號名曰彌勒,    廣度諸眾生,    其數無有量。
After the Lion-King Sakyamuni, he should be a Buddha, titled Maitreya, and widely saved all sentient beings, whose number was immeasurable.
在獅王釋迦牟尼之後,他當成佛,號彌勒,廣度一切眾生,這些被度脫的眾生的數量多到沒有辦法計算。


彼佛滅度後,    懈怠者汝是,    妙光法師者,    今則我身是。
After that Buddha was eliminated-in-saving, the lazy and slack one is you, and the Law-Master Wonderful-Light, now I was.
那佛滅度之後,懶散倦怠的那位就是現在的你,妙光法師就是現在的我。


我見燈明佛,    本光瑞如此,    以是知今佛,    欲說法華經。
I saw the Buddha Lamp-Bright, whose originally light auspiciousness was like this, so I knew the present Buddha, who intended to speak the Law-Magnificence-Scripture.
我看見日月燈明佛,本來光明吉祥如是,所以我知道當今的佛陀想要講說法華經。


今相如本瑞,    是諸佛方便,    今佛放光明,    助發實相義。
The present phenomenon is like the original auspiciousness, which is the expedient method of all Buddhas. The present Buddha emits light, to help to expound the meaning of true phenomenon.
現在的現象,就像原本的吉祥一樣,是一切諸佛的方便法門。現在的佛放光,來幫助解說真實現象的意義。


諸人今當知,    合掌一心待,    佛當雨法雨,    充足求道者。
All of you should know now, when you put your palms together and wait with single-mindedness, the Buddha would rain down the Law-Rain, which could fully satisfy those who seek the Dao.
你們現在應該知道,當你們合掌一心等待時,佛就會降下法雨,使求證佛教道義的人得到充分的滿足。


諸求三乘人,    若有疑悔者,    佛當為除斷,    令盡無有餘。
Those who seek the Three Boarding, if you have any doubts or regrets, the Buddha will eliminate and break them for you, so to make them be ended and no remaining.
凡是一切求證聲聞、緣覺、菩薩這三乘的人,如果你們對這三乘有任何疑慮、悔恨,佛將為你們消滅並斷除,使任何的疑慮及悔恨都被結束並且沒有任何剩餘(終結眾生困惑及煩惱的意思)。


5月 27, 2024

佛陀與調馬師的對話 (中英文全文) ; The Dialogue between Buddha and Horse-Trainer (Full text in Chinese and English)


作者:許道清

Author: Tao Qing Hsu



本文摘自佛經《雜阿含經》,
有一段提到了調御丈夫的故事和意義。
我將它從中文翻譯成英文如下:


The article is excerpted from the Buddhist Scripture – Miscellaneous Agama Sutra,

there is a paragraph which refers to  the story and meaning of the Man-Tamer.

I translate it from Chinese into English as follows: 




 [0234b21] 如是我聞:

This is what I heard:




[0234b21] 一時,佛住王舍城迦蘭陀竹園。


At one time, the Buddha lived in the Kalanda Bamboo Garden in the city of Rajagaha.




[0234b22] 時,有調馬師名曰只尸,來詣佛所,稽首佛足,退坐一面,白佛言:「世尊!我觀世間甚為輕賤,猶如群羊。世尊!唯我堪能調馬;狂逸惡馬,我作方便,須臾令彼態病悉現,隨其態病,方便調伏。」


At that time, a horse-training master named Zhishi came to the Buddha's place. He bowed his head at the Buddha's feet, stood back and sat down, faced and said to the Buddha, "World Honored One! I see that the world is very mean and low, like a flock of sheep. World Honored One, I am the only one who can train horses." If an evil horse is running wild, I will use the convenient way to make it easy for it to show signs of disease. I will tame it in the convenient way according to its signs of disease."


 


[0234b26] 佛告調馬師聚落主:「汝以幾種方便調伏於馬?」


The Buddha asked the village-leader of horse-trainer: "How many methods of convenience do you use to tame the horses?"




[0234b27] 馬師白佛:「有三種法調伏惡馬。何等為三?一者柔軟,二者麁澁,三者柔軟麁澁。」


The horse master said to the Buddha: "There are three ways to tame an evil horse. What are the three? One is gentle, the second is vulgar, and the third is gentle and vulgar."




[0234b29] 佛告聚落主:「汝以三種方便調馬,猶不調者,當如之何?」


The Buddha told the village-leader: "You have used the three methods of convenience to tame the horse, but if you still cannot tame it, what should you do?




[0234c01] 調馬師白佛:「遂不調者,便當殺之。所以者何?莫令辱我。」調馬師白佛:「世尊是無上調御丈夫,為以幾種方便調御丈夫?」


The horse-training master said to the Buddha: "Anyone who cannot be tamed should be killed. Why? Don't let it  humiliate me." The horse-training master said to the Buddha: "The World Honored One is the supreme Man-Tamer. How many methods of convenience can you use to tame the man ?"




[0234c04] 佛告聚落主:「我亦以三種方便調御丈夫。何等為三?一者一向柔軟,二者一向麁澁,三者柔軟麁澁。」


The Buddha told the village-leader: "I also use three methods of convenience to tame the man. What are the three? One is always gentle, the second is always vulgar, and the third is gentle and vulgar."




[0234c07] 佛告聚落主:「所謂一向柔軟者,如所說:『此是身善行,此是身善行報,此是口、意善行,此是口、意善行報,是名天、是名人、是名善趣化生、是名涅槃,是為柔軟。』


The Buddha told the village-leader : "What so-called always gentleness is as the following said: 'This is the good deeds of the body and this is the reward of the good deeds of the body; this is the good deeds of the mouth and mind and this is the reward of the good deeds of the mouth and mind. Such is called the heaven, is called the human, is called the transformation-birth of good-going, and is called the nirvana. This is the gentleness.”




[0234c10] 「麁澁者,如所說:『是身惡行,是身惡行報,是口、意惡行,是口、意惡行報,是名地獄、是名畜生、是名餓鬼、是名惡趣、是名墮惡趣,是名如來麁澁教也。』


"What so-called vulgarness is as the following said: "This is the evil deeds of the body and this is the retribution of the evil deeds of the body; this is the evil deeds of the mouth and mind and this is the retribution of the evil deeds of the mouth and mind. Such is called the hell, is called the animal, is called the hungry ghost, is called the evil-going, and is called falling into the evil-going. It is called the Tathagata’s vulgar teachings.”


 


[0234c14] 「彼柔軟麁澁俱者,謂如來有時說身善行,有時說身善行報,有時說口、意善行,有時說口、意善行報;有時說身惡行,有時說身惡行報,有時說口、意惡行,有時說口、意惡行報。如是名天、如是名人、如是名善趣、如是名涅槃。如是名地獄、如是名畜生、餓鬼、如是名惡趣、如是墮惡趣,是名如來柔軟麁澁教。」


"What so-called gentleness and vulgarness means that the Tathagata sometimes talks about the good deeds of the body, sometimes the reward of the good deeds of the body, sometimes the good deeds of the mouth and mind, sometimes the reward of good deeds of the mouth and mind; sometimes the bad deeds of the body, sometimes the retribution of bad deeds of the body, and sometimes the bad deeds of the mouth and mind, and sometimes the retribution of bad deeds of the mouth and mind. Such is called the heaven, such is called the human, such is called the good-going and such is called the nirvana. Such is called the hell,  such is called the animal and  the hungry ghost, such is called the evil-going, such is called falling into the evil-going. Such is called  the Tathagata’s teaching of gentleness and vulgarness”




[0234c21] 調馬師白佛:「世尊!若以三種方便調伏眾生,有不調者,當如之何?」


The horse-training master said to the Buddha: "World Honored One! If you use the three methods of convenience to tame sentient beings, and some of them are not tamed, what should you do?"




[0234c22] 佛告聚落主:「亦當殺之。所以者何?莫令辱我。」


The Buddha told the village-leader: "I should also kill them. Why? Don't let them humiliate me."




[0234c24] 調馬師白佛言:「若殺生者,於世尊法為不清淨,世尊法中亦不殺生,而今言殺,其義云何?」


The horse-training master said to the Buddha: "If you kill a living being, it will be considered impure in the law of World Honored One. In the law of World Honored One, there is no killing of living beings. Now, it talked about the killing. What is the meaning of killing?"




[0234c26] 佛告聚落主:「如是!如是!如來法中殺生不清淨,如來法中亦不殺生;然如來法中以三種教授不調伏者,不復與語、不教、不誡。聚落主!於意云何?如來法中不復與語、不教、不誡,豈非死耶?」


The Buddha told the village-leader: "So! So! In the Law of Tathagata, killing is impure. And in the Law of Tathagata, there is no killing. However, in the Law of Tathagata, those who are not tamed by the three teachings will no longer be spoken, taught, or admonished. Village-leader! What does it mean?  In the Law of Tathagata, if Tathagata no longer speaks to, teaches, or admonishes these people, isn't that death?"




[0235a01] 調馬師白佛:「實爾。世尊!不復與語,永不教、誡,真為死也。世尊!以是之故,我從今日離諸惡不善業。」


The horse-training master said to the Buddha: "Indeed, World Honored One! Tathagata no longer speaks to them, and never teaches or admonishes them. This is really death. World Honored One, for this reason, I will abstain from all evil and unwholesome deeds from now on."




[0235a03] 佛告聚落主:「善哉所說!」


The Buddha told the village-leader : "Good, as what you said!"




[0235a04] 時,調馬師聚落主只尸聞佛所說,歡喜隨喜,禮足而去。


At that time, after hearing what the Buddha said, the master of the horse-training - Zhishi - was delighted, followed and complied with the joy, and left with all due respects by bowing his head at the Buddha's feet.


2月 05, 2024

保持內心平和。不要戰爭。

  

作者:許道清 (Hsu, Tao-qing; Tao Qing Hsu)

 

只有一切身分、大眾都擁有佛教的知識和觀念,並切實修行,在日常生活中相應地修己,世界才會因眾生心安而太平。

  

佛法不離世間。世界歷史至今,任何國家的內戰和國際戰爭都時有發生。一個國家治理得好不好,維護世界和平與否,取決於總統、國王、皇帝、宰相、官員和群眾的知識、智慧、同理心和同情心。對於任何戰爭以及任何相關的描述,佛經中幾乎沒有提及。因為任何戰爭以及任何相關的描述都屬於現象的變化,如水的流動和風的吹動,是無常的。佛經中並沒有描述或批評這些有關戰爭的歷史事件。

 

只有總統、國王、皇帝、宰相、官員和民眾都擁有佛法的知識和觀念,並切實修行,在日常生活中相應地修身,世界才會依據一切眾生心靈安寧而太平。因此,佛教中更多的是關於如何認識和實現自我心意、意念、意識的變化以及如何在現實生活中實踐和行動的教導。

 

所以佛陀所教的對象包括國王、皇帝、官員、百姓。那就是包括所有人類,無論他們的身份、性別、信仰或年齡是什麼,無論他們是卑微還是高貴,無論貧窮還是富有,無論他們的種族或語言是什麼。當他們保持和平的心態時,任何戰爭都不會發生,發生的任何戰爭也會自然停止。如何保持內心平靜,就是遵循佛陀的教誨,你可以參考並遵循本部落格任何文章中的任何教義。

 

 

從了解禪宗和佛教的角度來討論各種戰爭的因果及其現象。

 

佛教的禪宗對人類來說是很難理解和體悟的。因為每個人從出生起就被教導要區分任何相對的、任何二元的、任何對立的概念、物體和事物。即使沒有人教我們這些概念,我們的本能也會讓我們了解它們。因為它是我們所認識並形成的外在世界和內在思想的基本常識,它可以保證我們能夠透過這些知識過得好並且平安。

 

然而,人類逐漸陷入了自我或他人設置的陷阱或框架中,並認為自己可以安全地生活在這種情況下。不幸的是,正是這樣的因果使人類受苦。只有深刻領悟了佛教的禪宗,我們才有可能擺脫任何二元操縱、對抗操縱、對立操縱的概念和對象所帶來的困惑和痛苦。

 

我們要學習佛教的禪宗,最好有佛教的基礎知識和小乘佛教(上座部佛教)的學習。如果我們沒有這樣的認知和學習,我們就有可能錯誤地領悟佛教的禪宗,並以傲慢心的錯誤方式來修行。佛教的禪幾乎是學佛的最高境界。本部落格中的所有文章以及所講、譯的佛經,都是學習佛教禪宗的基礎學習和修行。

 

佛教禪宗中沒有敵人的概念。合一於虛空,虛空中,沒有對立,沒有衝突,沒有對抗,沒有階級,沒有鬥爭,自然就沒有敵人。每個人可能有不同的想法、看法、意見、信念和生活方式,但只要不對他人造成干擾、阻礙和傷害,就可以被尊重和接受。我們可以拒絕任何我們不喜歡的意識形態,但是,我們不需要將那些擁有我們不喜歡的意識形態的人視為敵人。在佛教中,視他人為敵人、憎恨他人也是讓我們痛苦的原因之一。

 

佛教禪宗中的無敵人、無對立、無衝突、無對抗的觀念,就是要打破、摧毀我們日常生活中存在的分別、對立、對抗意識的觀念。在這理念的基礎上,它為我們的思考、決策和行動提供了不同的空間。也就是說,有可能為我們提供處理任何事情的不同方式。

 

當我們悟出佛教的禪宗時,我們就會知道,許多戰爭,包括現代戰爭和歷史戰爭,都是由一些居心不良、自私自利的心機之人操縱的二元、對抗、對立的意識形態造成的。

 

尤其是在現代,軍事工業和能源貿易是巨大的利益所在。有一些心懷不正、卑鄙吝嗇的人,故意佔有、獲取這些利益。他們利用偽善,利用正義與非正義的二元、對抗、對立的觀念,無情地利用他人、犧牲無辜人民。

 

同時,他們也利用雙邊手段來獲取私利。那就是透過經貿往來故意樹敵、養大敵人,然後操縱任何意識形態,讓無知的人和團體充當替罪羊,或透過購買武器或任何軍事合作來對抗敵人。您認為這樣的互相打戰有任何意義嗎?我不這麼認為。某種程度上,這種雙邊手段是一種表面的偽善的作法。我認為這不是一種正直的作法。如果我們聰明的話,我們就知道,故意建立敵人並與之競爭、對抗是一種操縱手段。我們要知道,操縱者的複雜心思可能超出了我們的正常思維。他們背後的影子武士,以及他們背後的不良動機,或許不是我們所能想像的。

 

如果我們擁有善良的智慧,我們就會知道我們應該離開這種操縱,並避免成為這種操縱的受害者。此外,我們最好擁有良好的智慧,以提醒所有人類注意這類事情,保護他們,並幫助他們避免成為這種操縱的受害者。

 

很多事件本身是中性的,但卻可能被心機重重的人所利用。

 

民主意識形態或軍事工業或能源貿易本身是中立的。它可能被用於好的或壞的原因。很多事情都可以類比。然而,在心機之人的心目中,它卻成了一種可以被私利目的和自私的利益所操縱的工具或空間。

 

例如,刀具作為民生的廚房工具或作為醫療用途的手術工具。製造刀具的人不會因為想要增加銷售和利潤而鼓勵他人將其用於不正當目的。同樣,隨著科技的進步,不從事高科技軍工產業是不可能的。高科技軍工是保衛國家所必需的。

 

但在佛教看來,如果有人想透過出售軍品來增加銷售和利潤,謀取私利,從而鼓勵或操縱任何意識形態對抗或戰爭,或造成人道主義傷亡和危機,這些因,不僅造了個人的惡業,也造了大眾的共同的惡業(共業),最終形成自我及大眾的惡果。 這個惡性循環將持續下去,直到有人願意醒悟、悔改並改正這個錯誤。

 

無論我們的頭腦是否聰明,我們都很容易傷害別人。然而,我們很難克制自己不去傷害別人。因為,要對一切眾生有善的智慧、慈悲和同理心,我們需要時間去學習、修行,然後採取行動。只有這樣,我們不但不傷害他人,還能用我們聰明的頭腦去幫助眾生,保護弱勢群體,特別是老人、婦女和兒童。

 

佛教的因果報應思想是真正正直平等的思想。

 

在現代高科技領域,戰鬥機、無人機、無人船、機器人等技術日益完善。這些研發和交易雖然會讓少數人致富,但對眾生造成的危害卻是相當可怕且巨大的。如果我們透過傷害無辜的人來致富,我們就是在造惡業。相關後果請參閱第三十六章:輾轉掙扎獲得勝利。如果我們只祈求上帝保佑,卻仍然造下惡業,傷害一切眾生,不了解、不擔心惡業和報應,這對於個人的來生來說,並不是一件好事,而且會是一件很不幸的事情。並且對一切眾生來說都是非常危險的事。

 

在我看來,佛教的因果報應思想是真正正直平等的思想。假設惡行可以逃避世間法律的糾正,那麼他們在來世將不可避免地受到自己惡行的果報。在佛教和中國傳統思想中,有冥界司法審判這樣的東西。我認為這符合公平原則。如果一個人做了惡事,不需要世間的法則去糾正,不需要去報償那些被傷害的人,不需要陰間的法則來教育,那麼我想這就是真正的不公平。

 

使用無人機和機器人以及任何無人工具互相爭鬥是沒有意義的。

 

如果我們深思熟慮,我們就會明白,用無人機、機器人等無人工具去互相爭鬥是沒有意義的,只會為自己創造惡業。同時,也會損害無辜的生命和大家的財產。 利用高科技軍事工具相互對抗,從而傷害無辜人民,並不是明智的行為。

 

從佛教的觀點來看,所有這些惡行都需要被報應。我們人類有大腦、知識、智慧、同理心和同情心。這些都是可以學習、運用、推廣和教育給全人類的,使人類所生活的世界變得更加友善、和諧。確實不一定要用武力來對抗。

 

老子是中國古代的智者,他說:“地生萬物而不據有佔有,地行萬物而不依賴於它。”當我們深入思索這句至理名言的意義時,我們就會知道,一切紛爭、煩惱和痛苦都是人類造成的,都是由於貪、瞋、癡等心態的頑固執著造成的。在這種情況下就會產生敵意和對抗。任何惡業也會因此造成。

 

我們都知道,個人生活中的痛苦之一來自於凡事與他人比較。 同樣,國家軍事力量的競爭和比較也會帶給人民痛苦。

 

國家之間的軍事實力、強弱和勝負都有比較。我們都知道,個人生活中的痛苦之一來自於凡事與他人比較。同樣,國家軍事力量的競爭和比較也會帶給人民痛苦。 這並不意味著如果我們國家的軍事實力贏了別人,我們所有公民都會高興。相反,這可能會給人們帶來更多的焦慮和痛苦。 這一點只要我們深入思考、修行佛法,研究心理學,有一定的生活和社會經歷,就可以理解。我個人認為加強國防是必要的,但最好淡化與其他國家的比較和對抗,以減少敵意。與其他國家建立和平及和諧的關係會更好。

 

許多無知的人都是五毒心態的受害者,也是五毒糖衣的受害者。而且,那些馬基雅維利、黑暗三角人格和五毒心理的人,很擅長操縱五毒心理的人來對抗其他五毒心理的人。這樣就會形成壞因、壞緣、壞境、壞果的惡性循環。人類在戰爭或與他人爭鬥的邪惡環境中,就沒有良好的時間、空間和環境來學習知識、善智慧、慈悲心、同理心和修身養性。讓人類擁有良好穩定的經濟生活及和諧友善的文化環境。在此基礎上,廣泛學習知識、善智慧、慈悲心、同理心及修身養性,從而提高人類的素質和文明,在國內外社會形成廣泛的、無形的防護網,從而防止馬基雅維利主義等黑暗三角人格有足夠的空間傷害他人。因此,如果我們學好佛,我們就會明白怎麼做才能讓人類和世界更加和平、和諧和幸福。那就是為自己和他人創造福報,而不是拖累自己和別人。

 

 

意見可以不同,但​​沒有必要將其轉化為敵意和仇恨,從而引發衝突、對抗或戰爭。

 

引導這些高科技研發為人類服務,如教育、文化、醫療、長期照護、觀光、旅遊、水電維護、家務服務、無人商店、維護良好等,或社會秩序、智慧城市、更便利的交通等等,是更好的方向。這都可以是合法、誠信正直的商業機會和經營利潤。 使其對每個人來說都是負擔得起且有用的。讓每個人在國際上、在城市之間、人與人之間,透過高科技及其工具、方式的服務,能夠更輕鬆地溝通、互動、學習和成長。

 

這可以消除種族之間的障礙、國家之間的差距。這也可以促進人類之間的相互理解和體諒,從而和諧相處。如果社會大眾的學識、修行、智慧、慈悲都提高了,那麼五毒心、黑暗三角人格的人就會減少。同時,五毒心和黑暗三角人格操縱的反對和對抗的空間也會減少。只有人類的文明和智慧提升了,才能有真正的幸福、快樂及真正的平安。

 

操縱各種對立意識,如政治(國家統一或獨立、民主或獨裁、共產主義或資本主義)、宗教(一神教和多神教)、種族主義或民族復興、以宗教名義開荒或占領土地等,這樣的因果操縱會為人類帶來災難和痛苦。以道德高尚或正義或國防或自衛的名義,或者我是為了你好,為了自身利益而操縱這種事情,就屬於情感勒索。 這些東西也很容易成為操縱的工具或方式。

 

情緒勒索的操縱手段,故意引起對立、衝突和對抗,或在雙方之間設置戰爭陷阱,是馬基雅維利主義等黑暗三角人格用來謀取私利的黑暗手段。我們必須站在比他們更高的層次上,即擺脫二元對抗意識形態的操縱,不要將我們的意識與它們聯繫起來。同時,我們也必須比他們更聰明、更有智慧,識破他們的虛偽和自私伎倆,避免成為他們操縱和犧牲的對象。意見可以不同,但​​沒有必要將其轉化為敵意和仇恨,從而引發衝突、對抗或戰爭。

 

任何對抗、敵意、善惡的操縱,都與五毒心識的生起與否有關。

 

當我們學佛的時候,如果我們的個人、團體、國家的利益建立在犧牲他人的生命、財產、生存發展、家庭成員的基礎上,或者讓無辜的人承擔任何代價的基礎上,就會造成別人的極度痛苦,我想我們最好再考慮一下,問自己:這樣做值得嗎?

 

任何對抗、敵意、善惡的操縱,都與五毒心識的生起與否有關。同時,這都是我們的六根:眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意的六識,因外在環境的旋轉而生起,產生各種不同的識而造成的。生出各種善念、善行或惡念、惡行,以及各種紛爭、憂慮。我們的深層意識裡還有第七識和第八識。第七意識與潛意識類似。第八識是種子識,是今世或過去世所種下的善念或惡念的根源。第七識是依第八識轉動而生起的。

 

男女生理結構的差異導致了他們學習和各種成就的差異。

 

因為女性的生理結構與男性不同,所以這個身體根源不同,這也造成了女性與男性在其他五種感官上的差異,包括思考、邏輯、看待事物觀點的差異。相對而言,女性比男性有更好的同理心。女性在學習或就業時,身體不適會在某種程度上影響其思考、學習、表達和表現。因此,女性在先天生理上處於相對劣勢,這會在某種程度上影響她的學習與成就。在學術和職場上,應該制定更適合女性、對女性更友善、更公平的機制。讓他們在學術和職場上累積學習和成長的經驗,進而形成意見或建議或領導力,為社會和國家做出良好的貢獻。這樣做將有助於使世界更加和平。

 

老師或父母總是鼓勵男性學習科學和工程。一般來說,由於男性沒有女性在經期時出現的不舒服、生病的症狀,這會讓他們有更多的時間去思考、閱讀和學習,甚至和別人玩耍、爭論和打架,但也會讓他們缺乏對他人苦難的同情心。男人想要在一切事情上戰鬥並取得勝利。這樣的想法會讓他們缺乏智慧和慈悲。

 

男人年輕單身的時候,自學能力和理想都很好。然而,一旦他娶了一個不夠聰明、而貪圖幸福和安逸的女人,當他對她固執執念、承受來自女人的壓力時,他的智力就會降低。而他的自私、好勝、與人爭鬥的本性也會顯現出來。而這無論對他的原生家庭成員或是普羅大眾來說都不是一件有福的事,甚至可能對自己和他人造成嚴重的傷害和損害。有些男人從事業的低谷爬到巔峰後,卻在利益與權力的鬥爭中迷失了方向。這對他們個人或整個社會來說都不是一件有福的事。

 

其次,參軍的男子往往會受到優厚的待遇。即使在經濟條件較差的國家,失業男子也會選擇參軍打仗,以維持個人生活。當他們參軍的目的不是維護世界和平時,那將是人類的災難,也是他個人的不幸。我不使用保家衛國的意識形態和意圖。 如果我們深思熟慮,我們就會知道,保家衛國的意圖也可能被狡猾的人所操縱,以掩蓋其謀取私利的真實意圖。

 

如果女性有任何心理問題或躁鬱症症狀,她們往往會透過自虐或傷害自己來表現。然而,當男人出現這樣的問題時,通常會透過辱罵別人,或傷害別人來表現。

 

而且,據我觀察,女性如果有心理問題或躁鬱症狀,往往會透過自虐或傷害自己的方式表現出來。然而,當男人出現這樣的問題時,通常會透過辱罵別人,或傷害別人來表現出來。當女性遇到壓力或情緒問題時,她們更願意找人傾訴。然而,當男人出現這些問題時,他們往往會把它們壓抑在心裡,不願意說出來,為了顯現自己的堅強。

 

從我個人的觀察和心理學研究來看,職場中男性比女性更有優勢在男性群體中生存和競爭。然而,由於男性的競爭性和攻擊性,加上他們面臨賺錢養家的壓力。 男性的心理問題和躁鬱症症狀往往比女性更嚴重。這種嚴重的心理和情緒不穩定常常促使男性透過身體或言語暴力來表現自己。

 

根據研究,大學畢業或博士學位的男性以及從事較高級別職業的男性的家庭暴力發生率並不低於受教育程度較低以及從事較低級別職業的男性。所以,我們有一個問題。如果有嚴重心理問題和躁鬱症症狀的男性處於高壓的國際或國內政治環境中,他們會透過暴力或發動戰爭來表現自己嗎?我認為這是很有可能的。

 

據我觀察,當人年紀大了,患有慢性病或任何疾病時,往往會表現出憂鬱的跡象。 我認為老年男性也不例外。根據醫學研究觀察,像這樣的老年男性往往容易發生暴力行為。所以,我們還有另一個問題。如果這些老人仍然擔任重要的政治職務,他們是否有可能在國內外實施暴力,或發動戰爭?我認為這也是可能的。

 

在現代,鼓勵女性學習科學和工程,鼓勵女性參與政治或領導軍事工業,將引導世界走向更和平的方向。

 

女性缺乏科學和工程思維和訓練。她們無法在國防和軍事工業以及相關事務和觀點方面發揮良好的遠見和領導力。如果以男性為主,很容易引發任何衝突或主動侵略的危機。這可以從歷史觀察和研究中發現。如果由女性領導,那麼發生戰爭衝突的可能性就可以相對減輕,甚至可以帶領進入一個相對和平、開放、自由的世界。在現代,鼓勵女性學習科學和工程,鼓勵女性參與政治事務或領導軍事工業,將引導世界走向更和平的方向。

 

戰爭和社會衝突造成的大部分損害仍然由婦女承擔。 例如,一個男人戰死沙場,家裡就失去了一個男人,可以透過工作換取薪水來照顧家庭,或是用勞動來保護和照顧家庭。這些角色和成本大部分將由女性承擔,無論她們是年老、年輕或未成年。女性的薪資和勞動力一直低於男性。這將會造成家庭的困境。更多的女性必須承擔各種費用來支撐家庭過更好的生活。許多家庭甚至最終犧牲女兒的生命以及女兒的權利和幸福來養活家裡倖存的男性,這在東方社會尤其明顯。

 

這將產生負面後果。男人往往被家庭和社會寵壞了,然後變得更加以自我為中心,更加自私,更加注重自己的利益,包括溺愛妻子和孩子,而對他人缺乏同理心。 在這樣的環境下,黑暗三角人格往往很容易養成。當他長大後,他會對其他兄弟姊妹、其他親戚朋友,甚至家裡的父母更有攻擊性。當他出去社會工作時,他會傷害他的同事和一切。

 

我認為,我們應該鼓勵女性在各種職業和事件中表達自己的觀點,展現她們的母性特質和能力,特別是在政治、外交、國防和軍事領域。

 

自古以來,男性比女性有更多的機會接受教育。在現代,他們也比女性有更多的機會接受高等教育。在各個專業領域,我們經常可以看到、讀到男人的意見,並把它們當作權威、標準、正確。然而,遺憾的是,在過去的歷史中,我們幾乎沒有看到女性對各種職業和事件的觀點和意見。在現代自由民主社會中,儘管女性的觀點和意見存在,但它們通常不是主流,並且不那麼受到重視。我認為,我們應該鼓勵女性在各種職業和事件中表達自己的觀點,展現她們的母性特質和能力,特別是在政治、外交、國防和軍事領域。

 

由於兩性生理經驗的不同,以及成長和學習經驗的不同,性別平衡的觀點和主張更能滿足包括國際社會和國內社會在內的公眾的需求。它有助於世界的平衡與和平。由於男人/男性的競爭心態以及受金錢和美色影響的傾向,這些弱點和問題常常導致人類走向對抗、分裂、爭鬥和鬥爭,甚至可能導致人類因任何原因而陷入戰爭的災難。對於世界來說,僅僅存在並關注男性的觀點和意見是非常危險的事情。

 

大多數女性確實把一生都奉獻給了生孩子、養育孩子、照顧家裡的長輩或弱者。 她們是沉默的大多數,但國際社會無視她們的聲音和權利,甚至她們被無情地利用和犧牲。我認為這對國際社會來說並不是一件有福的事。

 

從佛教的角度來看,以任何藉口傷害任何無辜的人,在理論上都是無理的,都會有惡業和惡果報應。

 

男人是受性荷爾蒙驅動的。當他無法以合法的方式滿足自己的性需求時,他要麼無償性侵他人,要麼花錢收買女人或養女人。如果這些費用超出了他所能負擔的費用,那麼錢從哪裡來,這些費用又由誰來負擔?當男人花錢買或養一個女人時,成本是相當大的,可能會超出他正常的薪資收入。這時候他就會做出傷害眾生的事情,例如奪取別人的財產和土地,或是煽動戰爭來從中獲取利益。

 

男性擁有較多的國防、軍事科學、工程、醫學等專業知識。這些專業知識就像一把刀。它可以用來救人、保護眾生,也可以用來傷害眾生。如果這些人沒有善良、正直的智慧、同理心和慈悲心,就很容易利用這些專業知識來傷害眾生。例如,從國防自衛的角度來看,傷害包括婦女兒童在內的無辜眾生並不意味著就是正義的。 尤其是,孩子們不明白大人的世界或歷史中發生了什麼事。 從佛教的角度來看,以任何藉口傷害任何無辜的人,在理論上都是無理的,都會有惡業和惡果報應。

 

對眾生有虧欠的人,不只要償還眾生,還要給子孫後代帶來傷害來償還,而且要用自己的生命或福報來償還。

 

對眾生有虧欠的人,不只要償還眾生,還要給子孫後代帶來傷害來償還,而且要用自己的生命或福報來償還。換句話說,他們還得還債。可能是用勞力或財力來償還,但會在生生世世中償還。如果有人說他以哪位菩薩的名義殺了人,他就無罪,可以上天堂,等等。 他們用各種貌似正義的話語來傷害人類。 一切眾生以常識都知道這是無明。如果你害了別人,佔了別人的便宜,這樣的債你不用還,還有公平正義嗎?我們不需要佛教來理解這一點。我們用常識就能理解這一點。

 

在我們的生命中,我們難免會遇到想要傷害我們、利用我們的人,或是我們不喜歡的人。那就是他們怪異的、顛倒的或封閉的思想、心智、想法或意識形態或生命的價值是相當離開我們正常的思維的。學了佛法之後,我們知道我們應該盡量遠離這樣的人。如果我們必須要和他們見面和相處,我們就應該減少和他們的接觸。如果我們需要和他們溝通和處理的話,我們盡量以平靜的方式進行比較好。 如果你和一些人相處久了,你會發現他們的學問、修養、智慧、慈悲都是不夠的。 他們會虛張聲勢,想贏過別人,想把犯罪的責任推卸給別人,想讓別人承擔任何代價等等。同時,他們偏執,對權力和財富有病態的迷戀。我們沒有必要傷害他們,但我們要有智慧保護自己,不被別人欺負,不落入他們的詭計陷阱。

 

當我們有頭腦、有知識、有修養、有智慧、有慈悲的時候,就不需要用武力去跟別人爭鬥。

 

當我們有頭腦、有知識、有修養、有智慧、有慈悲的時候,就不需要用武力去跟別人爭鬥。大量的無人戰鬥機和無人飛彈在那裡飛來飛去,傷害無辜生命。有人在談論用機器人來對抗敵人。你認為這是智慧和慈悲的表現嗎?我不這麼認為。 這些技術雖然非常先進,但並不是用來增強人類的智能,而是用來進行戰爭,傷害無辜眾生,消耗無數人的生命財產,甚至使人們無法工作、生活和接受教育。 我認為這不僅沒有智慧和慈悲,而且是相當愚蠢的。然而,有心機的人卻不這麼認為,因為這會讓有心機的人賺更多的錢,變得更有錢。在他們看來,賺更多的錢就是一切。不幸的是,他們不了解佛陀教義中的因果關係。

 

任何爭端、戰爭、鬥爭、敵意,以及任何一方從自己的角度和這些困境事件中認為正確的事情,在佛陀看來都是非常愚蠢的。

 

中國有詩雲:「青山依舊在,幾度夕陽紅。」無論政權如何更迭,山河依然在。無論歲月如何,世事變遷,人們仍會繁衍生息,世代相傳。這也說明了世間事物的無常。這也在提醒我們對於任何無常的事物,不需要過度執著,更不要因為頑固執著而去傷害無辜的眾生。如果人類有智慧,就會明白,沒有什麼比傳承善智慧和慈悲更重要的了。

 

任何爭端、戰爭、鬥爭、敵意,以及任何一方從自己的角度和這些困境事件中認為正確的事情,在佛陀看來都是非常愚蠢的。佛陀嘲笑眾生,說他們頑固、愚昧,無法過美好輕鬆的生活,也無法為全人類創造美好的生活。這些愚癡之人,都在爭論一些虛幻的事情,浪費自己和一切眾生的生命和時間。同時,也浪費了自己和眾生的勞力財力。也就是說,這類人確實做出了損己害人的事情。

 

所以,如果今生有幸遇到佛法,我想是值得我們珍惜和學習的,為自己成長善慧,也能幫助別人。這才是真正的幫助自己和他人過美好安逸的生活。這也是為自己也為他人造福。

 

很多人可能是天真、無知,或是有心計,幫助惡人作惡。

 

很多人可能天真、無知、或有心機。在經濟、生活、工作上,他們支持或承擔貪婪、仇恨、愚痴的馬基維利主義等黑暗三角人格者的生活負擔。也就是說,他們不僅“養肥了他們”,而且讓他們更有能力傷害無辜者或摧毀他人的生命。那也是助紂為虐。不幸的是,這些人沒有這種覺悟和覺醒,他們不知道這些貪婪、憤怒、無知的黑暗三角人格的人最終會回來咬你、傷害你。

 

具有貪、瞋、癡馬基維利主義等等黑暗三角人格的人,不會在文化、靈性知識和善智慧上提升自己。相反,他們非常狡猾,詭計多端。他們非常有能力利用這些狡猾的伎倆來破壞他人安定祥和的生活以及社會和世界的和諧。國際社會忽略的是,利用狡猾手段奪取他人財產或主權是一種偷竊行為。不幸的是,許多人為了利益而屈服於這些馬基維利主義等黑暗三角人格者的威脅和利誘,因此願意出賣自己的良心和靈魂。

 

黑暗三角人格和五毒心思的人存在於民主和獨裁的社會中。

 

在與黑暗三角人格的競爭對手進行交易之後,巨大的交易利益已經將他們「養肥」了,他們的貪婪胃口也隨之長大,讓他們想要使用武力和任何狡猾的聰明來吞併鄰國。這也使他們有更多的能力製造武器,然後將這些武器賣給其他人。這使得他們有更多的權力去戰鬥和欺凌他人。

 

基於意識形態的對抗、民主與獨裁的對抗、土地糾紛的對抗、主權糾紛的對抗,有些人用這些觀念來與他人或鄰國競爭。他們故意製造衝突和對抗,以從中獲取利益。他們與競爭對手作鬥爭,採取兩種或兩種以上相互矛盾的策略,然後美化或模糊這些事件,以獲取私人利益。這不是一種友善的做法。從佛教的角度來看,這是一種不善的行為。這就是五毒思想的運作。就會造成惡業與惡果報應的循環。從心理學的角度來看,這也是黑暗三角人格的做法。

 

這些人沒有佛禪的觀念和修行。雙方都想製造一種自己都是對的假象,但其實雙方都在製造衝突、對抗和對立。在佛教看來,這一切都會有因果報應。可能有善業,也可能有惡業。但無論如何,這類事情都會讓人類受苦,浪費、消耗他們的時間、精力、財富和生命。

 

第三方操縱者操縱雙邊意識形態衝突和矛盾,進而從中牟利。

 

那些有心機、狡猾、聰明的人,在經濟和貿易上刻意培植獨裁政權或獨裁政黨。 這些國家的特權階級壟斷了國家的一切經濟資源和利益,收獲了人民的一切經濟成果,據為己有。他們認為將自己獲得的巨額財富轉移到國外是最安全的方式。

 

這些特權階級從無辜人民手中掠奪的財富,所有這些非法所得都存放在外國銀行。 你認為有些外國人不想覬覦這筆巨額財富嗎?當這些外國人想要覬覦並收獲這筆巨額財富時,他們會使用什麼手段?這時會有詭計或技巧性的操縱和假象空間,為兩方的衝突製造問題和陷阱。這是讓專制獨裁者跳入陷阱,從而發動戰爭傷害弱國的手段。然後陰謀家操縱、利用、犧牲弱國來進行戰爭。最後,那些貪圖利益的外國人就等著收割巨額財富,賺取戰爭的錢財。

 

狡猾、聰明的人民高舉正義的旗幟,懲罰這些侵略者,同時凍結和收割這些侵略者和特權階級的巨額財富。因此,無論是發動戰爭的獨裁政權國家,或是處於自衛保國過程中的弱國,雙方都受到第三者的操縱,陷入戰爭的陷阱。雙方都成為失敗者。 最後真正獲利的贏家其實是第三方操縱者。

 

從佛教因果關係的角度來看,這些第三方操縱者和得利者最終都會受到報應。因為惡因、惡業、惡果,最終會形成惡性循環。也就是說,有些受害者會不願意受到這樣的對待,進一步產生報復的心理而採取行動。而這種第三方操縱手段最終會被世人識破和鄙視。如果有國家或個人是這樣的第三方操縱者,他們能如何好好地教育他們的國民或子女甚麼是真正的正直和正義?我對此是相當質疑的。

 

任何衝突和對抗都可以透過知識、理性、同理心和智慧來調和並解決。現代資訊社會,實在沒必要用暴力和武力來解決問題。

 

有媒體報導稱,台海兩岸有可能成為最危險的戰區之一,並可能引發第三次世界大戰。台海兩岸曾是戰亂之地。美國於2023年底的國防授權法也針對台灣。有媒體文章稱,美國希望台灣打代理人戰爭。縱觀台灣歷史,台灣永久居民從未主動發動戰爭攻擊他人。無論你站在哪一邊,無論你是誰,都要保持內心的平靜,不要受到誘惑去攻擊或傷害他人。在佛教看來,因果法則類似反向零和遊戲,你傷害了別人,欠了別人,總有一天要還的。也就是說,不要以任何方式傷害別人,否則,你就得還。

 

最近,我看到媒體有關戰爭和難民流離失所的報導。許多兒童和未成年人與父母一起逃離。他們要麼正在外地接受教育以適應新環境,要麼完全無法在外地接受教育。許多婦女和兒童被飛彈無情地傷害和殺害。他們辛苦建立的資產被毀了。 他們也找不到好工作來維持生計。數以百萬計的人遭受這樣的苦難是多麼無辜。 如果我們有同理心,我們絕對不希望看到他們過著這樣悲慘的生活。我們人類有大腦、善良、智慧和同理心。任何衝突和對抗都可以透過知識、理性、同理心和智慧來調和並解決。在資訊豐富的現代社會,確實沒有必要使用暴力和武力來解決問題。

 

台灣目前是難民、移民與原住民和睦相處的社會。我記得小時候,那是一個戰後物資匱乏的社會。當家裡有喜事,例如兒子結婚的時候,奶奶就會送湯圓給鄰居,讓大家分享快樂。婚禮上剩下的餐點也會分給鄰居。當我們家的女兒結婚時,我們會送鄰居結婚蛋糕。媳婦生了兒子,我們就把油飯、水煮蛋送給鄰居,讓大家分享幸福。 然後,我們的鄰居也會這樣做。 這就是我們與鄰居和睦相處的原因。當我長大後,我知道這樣的事情在台北社區不會發生。它只發生在辦公室。

 

我們只是互相分享喜悅,與鄰居和睦相處。我們無意交換利益。這些友善的相處的經驗,我們向國際社會推廣是可行的。可惜的是,國際社會為了自身利益有太多的策略和算計。這將帶來更多的衝突和爭端,這對國際社會人民來說並不是一件有福的事。

 

我鼓勵善良、胸襟廣大的女性參與政治。他們的經驗、同情心和善良智慧將使世界變得更加和平。

 

男人為了養家而外出工作時,為了賺取利潤,往往會採取不公平又不正義的手段,背叛自己的善良之心,違背自己的良心。男性對人類的同情心較少,較少感受到身體和生活上的痛苦。男性對人類更多的是勝利、侵略、戰鬥的心態。這種心態會讓他們想要控制一切,包括權力、財富、妻子和孩子。在這種情況下,如果他們頑固地、愚蠢地執著於這些東西,強烈地渴望保護自己的個人權力、財富和家人,渴望為自己謀取利益,當他們想對家人仁慈、慷慨時,他們可能會既不保護他人、造福他人,也不對他人負起責任,同時也可能對他人既不仁慈也不慷慨。也就是說,他們可能對自己和家人有情有義,但對社會和國家公眾可能是無情的,吝嗇的,甚至是野蠻的。

 

女性要經歷懷孕的過程和生孩子的身體上的痛苦,也要承擔照顧和養育孩子的責任。他們會更重視道德及倫理,以免教壞孩子,毀了孩子的一生。而且,女性經歷過肉體上的痛苦,這會讓她們擁有對眾生的同理心和同情心。因此,如果具有同理心和同情心的善良及智慧的女性能夠參與社會和政治議題並成為領導者,那是眾生的福祉。我鼓勵具有善良及廣闊胸襟的聰慧的女性參與社會活動和政治。她們的經驗、同情心和善良及智慧將使世界變得更加和平。

 

結論

 

領悟佛教禪宗並不表示你和他人之間沒有界限。 那條看不見的線依然存在。這樣可以保護我們自己不被其他有毒思想所傷害。但是,我們明白,他們是心靈沒有光明的人。我們不需要受他們操縱的影響,也不需要掉入陷阱去對抗他們。

 

同時,我們也不必將他們視為敵人。我們知道仇恨心會損害我們的心理健康。任何事情都可以透過和解的方式來解決。沒有必要使用武力和暴力來解決任何問題。 有些人討厭別人,並說他們想消除他們討厭的種族。這實在是個愚蠢的想法。

 

當我們學佛的時候,我們就知道要斷除的是自己和別人的毒心。但是,我們知道,改變別人並不容易。所以,更好的方法就是改變自己。就是學佛、修行佛法,以消除自己的毒心。毒心包括貪、嗔、瞋、愚癡、痴迷、傲慢、多疑等。這是任何罪惡的根源。「嗔」或「瞋」有憤怒、生氣、仇恨或怨恨的意思,是一種負面的心理狀態。具有這種負面心理狀態通常是在消耗自己的能量,同時,也在消耗別人的能量。就是損己亦不利他。

 

我們能做的、對我們更好的,就是認識佛教的因果,用我們的學識、慈悲、智慧來帶領、引導那些有毒心的人放棄惡因和一切惡行,然後發善心、行善事、做善人。我們才能攜手共創和諧、和平的世界。也就是說,平靜的心態會讓世界變得更美好。

 

在我們的餘生中,我們最好根據個人的常識、專業知識、生活經驗,善良積極的智慧,同情心和同理心,做一些有意義的事情,同時善意地幫助別人。這也是修身、修行佛法。也就是在我們的福田種下善德的種子,累積福報,最終結出功德及善福的花朵和果實。

 

我希望透過我們對佛教禪宗的理解,對男性和女性特徵差異的分析和理解,並從心理學的角度,我們可以更了解國際社會。並且我們能夠以友好、和平的方式處理國際關係。它不僅是為了讓我們成為一個好人,也是為了讓世界變得更和平、更美好。同時,我也期望當前的戰爭盡快停止,並祝福全人類都平安,心中安寧平靜。